托福TPO是托福备考小伙伴们最重要的参考资料，并且这个是在备考时候一定要认真多多练习，托福TPO是非常重要的希望大家一定要重视起来，我为广大的托福考生整理了托福阅读TPO10(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:Chinese Pottery，下面就来跟我一起来看下面精彩内容吧!
托福阅读原文
China has one of the world's oldestcontinuous civilizations—despite invasions and occasional foreign rule. Acountry as vast as China with so long-lasting a civilization has a complexsocial and visual history, within which pottery and porcelain play a majorrole.
The function and status of ceramics inChina varied from dynasty to dynasty, so they may be utilitarian, burial,trade-collectors', or even ritual objects, according to their quality and theera in which they were made. The ceramics fall into three broadtypes—earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain—for vessels, architectural itemssuch as roof tiles, and modeled objects and figures. In addition, there was animportant group of sculptures made for religious use, the majority of whichwere produced in earthenware.
The earliest ceramics were fired toearthenware temperatures, but as early as the fifteenth century B.C.,high-temperature stone wares were being made with glazed surfaces. During theSix Dynasties period (AD 265-589), kilns in north China were producinghigh-fired ceramics of good quality. White wares produced in Hebei and Henanprovinces from the seventh to the tenth centuries evolved into the highlyprized porcelains of the Song dynasty (AD. 960-1279), long regarded as one ofthe high points in the history of China's ceramic industry. The tradition ofreligious sculpture extends over most historical periods but is less clearlydelineated than that of stone wares or porcelains, for it embraces the oldcustom of earthenware burial ceramics with later religious images andarchitectural ornament. Ceramic products also include lead-glazed tomb modelsof the Han dynasty, three-color lead-glazed vessels and figures of the Tangdynasty, and Ming three-color temple ornaments, in which the motifs wereoutlined in a raised trail of slip—as well as the many burial ceramics producedin imitation of vessels made in materials of higher intrinsic value.
Trade between the West and the settled andprosperous Chinese dynasties introduced new forms and different technologies.One of the most far-reaching examples is the impact of the fine ninth-centuryAD. Chinese porcelain wares imported into the Arab world. So admired were thesepieces that they encouraged the development of earthenware made in imitation ofporcelain and instigated research into the method of their manufacture. Fromthe Middle East the Chinese acquired a blue pigment—a purified form of cobaltoxide unobtainable at that time in China—that contained only a low level ofmanganese. Cobalt ores found in China have a high manganese content, whichproduces a more muted blue-gray color. In the seventeenth century, the tradingactivities of the Dutch East India Company resulted in vast quantities ofdecorated Chinese porcelain being brought to Europe, which stimulated andinfluenced the work of a wide variety of wares, notably Delft. The Chinesethemselves adapted many specific vessel forms from the West, such as bottleswith long spouts, and designed a range of decorative patterns especially forthe European market.
Just as painted designs on Greek pots mayseem today to be purely decorative, whereas in fact they were carefully andprecisely worked out so that at the time, their meaning was clear, so it iswith Chinese pots. To twentieth-centuryeyes, Chinese pottery may appear merely decorative, yet to the Chinese the formof each object and its adornment had meaning and significance. The dragonrepresented the emperor, and the phoenix, the empress; the pomegranateindicated fertility, and a pair of fish, happiness; mandarin ducks stood forwedded bliss; the pine tree, peach, and crane are emblems of long life; and fishleaping from waves indicated success in the civil service examinations. onlywhen European decorative themes were introduced did these meanings becomeobscured or even lost.
From early times pots were used in bothreligious and secular contexts. The imperial court commissioned work and in theYuan dynasty (A.D. 1279-1368) an imperial ceramic factory was established atJingdezhen. Pots played an important part in some religious ceremonies. Longand often lyrical descriptions of the different types of ware exist that assistin classifying pots, although these sometimes confuse an already large andcomplicated picture.
托福阅读试题
1. The word “status” in thepassage(Paragraph 2)is closest in meaning to
A.origin
B. importance
C.quality
D.design
2.According to paragraph 2, which of thefollowing is true of Chinese ceramics?
A. The function of ceramics remained thesame from dynasty to dynasty.
B.The use of ceramics as trade objects isbetter documented than the use of ceramics as ritual objects.
C. There was little variation in qualityfor any type of ceramics over time.
D.Some religious sculptures were made usingthe earthenware type of ceramics.
3.The word “evolve” in the passage(Paragraph3)is closest in meaning to
A. divided
B.extended
C.developed
D. vanished
4.Which of the sentences below bestexpresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence(Paragraph 3) inthe passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leaveout essential information.
A.While stone wares and porcelains arefound throughout most historical periods, religious sculpture is limited to theancient period.
B.Religious sculpture was created in mostperiods, but its history is less clear than that of stone wares or porcelainsbecause some old forms continued to be used even when new ones were developed.
C.While stone wares and porcelains changedthroughout history, religious sculpture remained uniform in form and use.
D.The historical development of religioussculpture is relatively unclear because religious sculptures sometimes resembleearthenware architectural ornaments.
5.Paragraph 3 supports all of the followingconcerning the history of the ceramic industry in China EXCEPT:
A.The earliest high-fired ceramics were ofpoor quality.
B. Ceramics produced during the Tang andMing dynasties sometimes incorporated multiple colors.
Earthenware ceramics were produced in Chinabefore stone wares were.
D.The Song dynasty period was notable forthe production of high quality porcelain ceramics.
6.The word “instigate” in thepassage(Paragraph 4)is closest in meaning to
A.improved
B.investigated
C. narrowed
D.caused
7.According to paragraph 4, one consequenceof the trade of Chinese ceramics was
A. the transfer of a distinctive bluepigment from China to the Middle East
B.an immediate change from earthenwareproduction to porcelain production in European countries
C.Chinese production of wares made for theEuropean market
D.a decreased number of porcelain vesselsavailable on the European market
8.The word “whereas” in thepassage(Paragraph 5)is closest in meaning to
A. while
B. previously
C.surprisingly
D.because
9.In paragraph 5, the author compares thedesigns on Chinese pots to those on Greek pots in order to
A.emphasize that while Chinese pots weredecorative, Greek pots were functional
B.argue that the designs on Chinese potshad specific meanings and were not just decorative
C.argue that twentieth-century scholars arebetter able to understand these designs than were ancient scholars
D.explain how scholars have identified themeaning of specific images on Chinese pots
10.Which of the following is mentioned inparagraph 5 as being symbolically represented on Chinese ceramics?
A.Chinese rulers
B. love of homeland
C. loyally to friends
D. success in trade
11.Paragraph 5 suggests which of thefollowing about the decorations on Chinese pottery?
A.They had more importance for aristocratsthan for ordinary citizens.
B.Their significance may have remainedclear had the Chinese not come under foreign influence.
C.They contain some of the same images thatappear on Greek pots
D.Their significance is now as clear totwentieth century observers as it was to the early Chinese.
12.The word “these” in the passage(Paragraph6)refers to
A.religious ceremonies
B. descriptions
C.types of ware
D.pots
13. Look at the four squares [■]thatindicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Wherecould the sentence best fit? Foreign trade was also responsible for certaininnovations in coloring.
Trade between the West and the settled andprosperous Chinese dynasties introduced new forms and different technologies.One of the most far-reaching examples is the impact of the fine ninth-centuryAD. Chinese porcelain wares imported into the Arab world. ■【A】So admiredwere these pieces that they encouraged the development of earthenware made inimitation of porcelain and instigated research into the method of theirmanufacture. ■【B】From the Middle East the Chinese acquired a blue pigment—a purifiedform of cobalt oxide unobtainable at that time in China—thatcontained only a low level of manganese. Cobalt ores found in China have a highmanganese content, which produces a more muted blue-gray color. ■【C】In theseventeenth century, the trading activities of the Dutch East India Companyresulted in vast quantities of decorated Chinese porcelain being brought toEurope, which stimulated and influenced the work of a wide variety of wares,notably Delft. ■【D】The Chinese themselves adapted many specific vessel forms from theWest, such as bottles with long spouts, and designed a range of decorativepatterns especially for the European market.
14. Directions: An introductory sentencefor a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary byselecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in thepassage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideasthat not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. Thisquestion is worth 2 points.
Ceramics have been produced in China for avery long time.
A.The Chinese produced earthenware,stoneware, and porcelain pottery and they used their ceramics for a variety ofutilitarian, architectural, and ceremonial purposes.
B. The shape and decoration of ceramicsproduced for religious use in China were influenced by Chinese ceramicsproduced for export.
C.As a result of trade relations, Chineseceramic production changed and Chinese influenced the ceramics production ofother countries.
D. Chinese burial ceramics have the longestand most varied history of production and were frequently decorated withwritten texts that help scholars date them.
E.Before China had contact with the West,the meaning of various designs used to decorate Chinese ceramics was wellunderstood.
F.Ceramics made in imperial factories wereused in both religious and non-religious contexts.
托福 阅读答案
1.status状态，地位，所以B的importance重要性，地位正确。原句说瓷器的作用和什么因朝代而不同，而且之后有解释可能是实用的，用于埋葬的，或者blabla，所以importance能对上。origin起源不可能因为朝代而变化;quality后面有，不应该重复;design与后文的例子对不上
2.问题中的关键词不能用，所以排除法最好。A的dynasty todynasty做关键词定位至第一句，说反，错;B的trade objects和ritual objects做关键词定位至第一句，原文没有比较，错;C的quality做关键词定位至第一句，说根据它们质量决定用来干嘛，所以质量是有变化的，C错;D的religious和earthenware做关键词定位至最后一句，正确
3.evolve进化，演化，所以C的develop正确。原文说七到十世纪的白瓷怎么样成了宋代的很好的瓷，无论从时间上还是后面说的highly prized都证明后面的比前面的好，所以应该是变好的意思，A分开B延伸D消失都没有变好之意
4.原文的主要关系是因果，因果的结果部分包含了一个转折，所以从结构上说只有B和D可能正确。B正确，D错在原文说stoneware和porcelain比religious sculpture清楚，但没说religious sculpture不清楚，错
5.EXCEPT题，排除法。A的high-firedceramics做关键词定位至第二句，原文说good quality, 备选项说poor，反了，错，选;B的Tang and Ming Dynasty做关键词定位至最后一句，正确，不选;C的earthenware和stoneware做关键词定位至第一句，原文说最早的是earthenware，所以比stoneware早，所以C正确，不选;D的Song dynasty做关键词定位至第三句，正确，不选
6.nstigate教唆，鼓动，煽动，所以cause引起正确，注意不要被investigate迷惑。原句说那些陶器非常惹人喜爱，促进了earthenware的发展，也instigate了制陶 方法 的研究，instigate与原文的encourage并列，所以应该是鼓励之意。A提升改善B调查C变窄均不正确
7.以trade of Chineseceramics做关键词定位至倒数第二句，问结果，所以应该关注result in之后的内容，说大量的Chinese porcelain到了欧洲，影响了一系列ware，接着又说会专门为欧洲市场做一些ware，所以C正确;注意B尽管说到了change，但immediate是原文没说的;A没说;D说反了，应该是增加
8.注意 句子 中的seem和in fact，seem叫做看上去，也就是事实很可能不是这样，后面的in fact叫做事实上，也就是说前面说的很可能不是事实，两者呼应，都说明两句话之间的关系是转折，所以while正确
9.先看本句，现代人认为希腊的pots上的design只是装饰，没有实际意义，但事实上是有意义的，中国的pots也这样，所以B正确。A错，不是pots decorative，而是design;C说反，D没说方式，所以how错
10.问下面哪个是design的替代意义，倒数第二句整个都在说pots上design的意义，提到了emperor和empress，皇帝和皇后，所以A的Chinese rulers正确，统治者;其他都没说
11.问题中关键词不明显，排除法。A的ordinarycitizens和aristocrat原文没说;B的foreign influence做关键词定位至最后一句的European，说直到引入欧洲theme之后中国原有的装饰的意思才被obscure，对应B，没有foreign influence那些意思不会改变，正确;C没说;D反了，应该是ancient更熟悉
12.these往前找，找主语。注意从句子一开始到exist之前都是句子的主语，但of之前的东西是整个句子的核心，所以答案是description，对于什么什么的描述，描述才是核心，不是types of ware
13.两个过渡点，名词foreign trade和coloring。foreigntrade对应原文第四句的from Middle East Chinese acquired blabla和倒数第二句的tradingactivities，所以B/C/D都有可能;coloring证明B或者C正确。按照正常逻辑，应该先总括，说外贸也使染色技术发生变化，接着再说怎么变的，所以B正确，C错误
14.The Chinese选项对应第二段第二句，正确
The shape选项原文没说，不选
As选项对应原文第四段第一句，正确
Chinese选项原文没说，不选
Before选项对应原文第五段最后一句，正确
Ceramics选项MS对应原文最后一段，但最后一段没说imperial陶瓷是用于both情况的，也不选
托福阅读译文
【1】尽管中国曾饱受入侵，偶尔丧失主权受制于外国，她仍然拥有世界上最源远流长的文明。像中国一个拥有悠久文明的大国，而陶瓷在其复杂的社会历史以及视觉历史中扮演了极为重要的角色。
【2】在中国，每一个朝代陶瓷的功能和地位都是不同的，所以，根据它们的质量和制作年代的不同，可以是实用器物、陪葬品、贸易 收藏 品，甚至是礼器。对于容器、瓦片等建筑材料、模仿的物体或人物，陶瓷广义上被分为3大类：陶器、炻器和瓷器。另外，瓷器中还有很重要的一类就是宗教用途的雕塑，它们多数是陶质的。
【3】尽管最早的陶瓷是在制陶的温度下烧制的，但是早在公元前15世纪，就已经出现了上釉的高温炻器。六朝时期(公元265-589年)，中国北方就有窑炉在烧制优质的高温瓷器。从7世纪到10世纪，河北以及河南省产的白瓷逐渐演变成为享有盛名的宋瓷(公元960-1279年)——长久以来被认为是中国陶瓷业历史中的巅峰时期之一。宗教雕塑的传统在大部分历史时期中都有延续，但是没有炻器和瓷器质地的雕塑描绘的那么清晰，有一种古老的习俗，就是将刻着新的宗教形象和建筑装饰的陶器作为陪葬品。瓷制品还包括汉朝的铅釉随葬陶俑，唐朝的三彩铅釉器皿和人物，明朝的以泥釉凸纹展现轮廓的三彩寺庙装饰物以及很多用来仿制贵重器皿的陪葬瓷器。
【4】西方国家和繁荣稳定的历代中国朝代之间的贸易促使双方互相引入了新的形式和不同的技术。有一个意义最为深远的例子，公元9世纪精美中国瓷器出口到阿拉伯世界，带来巨大的影响。阿拉伯人对这些瓷器赞不绝口，于是他们鼓励制陶来仿制瓷器，并激励人们研究制作方法。中国人从中东获得了一种蓝色颜料——一种纯化的氧化钴，当时在中国并未出现，其中只含有少量的锰。中国境内发现的钴矿石含有大量的会产生暗蓝灰色的锰元素。17世纪，大量中国装饰类瓷器通过荷兰东印度公司的交易活动流入欧洲，这刺激和影响了广泛多样的瓷器的生产，特别是代尔夫特 。中国人自己改良了很多种来自西方的特殊器皿，比如长嘴的瓶子，并专门为欧洲市场设计了一系列装饰性图案。
【5】就像希腊的陶器上所绘的图案，今天看来也许纯粹是为了装饰，然而事实上在当时它们都是人们精心烧制而成的，它们的意义在当时非常明确，中国的瓷器也是如此。以20世纪的眼光来看，中国制造的陶瓷也许仅仅是装饰品，但是对于中国人来说每个物件的形状及它的装饰都有寓意非凡，影响深远。龙代表皇帝，凤代表皇后;石榴意味着多子，双鱼意味着幸福;鸳鸯寓意着婚姻幸福美满;松树、桃树以及鹤都是长寿的象征;鱼跃出水面意味着科举考试会高中。但是欧洲的装饰主题被引进后，这些寓意就变得不再那么流行甚至丢失了。
【6】陶瓷器皿在很早期就已用于宗教和日常生活中。朝廷分派了制作工作，并于元朝(公元1279-1368年)在景德镇设立了一座官窑。陶瓷器皿在一些宗教仪式上也有着重要的地位。现存的关于不同类型的陶瓷器具很多长篇且抒情的描述可以帮助我们对其进行分类，尽管这些描述有时候会使得一幅大而复杂的画面显得凌乱。
托福阅读TPO10(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:Chinese Pottery相关 文章 ：
托福备考的过程中，要想写作取得优势，多阅读一些 范文 是十分有必要的，下面我给大家带来托福写作高分 范文大全，快来学习吧!
托福写作高分范文大全1
Task：It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?.
托福写作模板范文参考：
We all crave knowledge, especially in this Age of Information, but what is the best source of knowledge? Are we to believe Albert Camus, who stated” The place we are to get knowledge is in books”? Or are we better served by following Albert Einstein's counsel that “The only source of knowledge is experience”? Although books have their place in one's learning, there is no substitute for experience; indeed, it is experience that is ultimately the most important source of knowledge.
First, let us consider the knowledge needed to undertake a profession-for example, that of a physician. Knowledge gained from books provides the foundation of a doctor's training: study in a medical school begins with a near-overload of reading on anatomy, physiology and maladies both rare and common. However, during this time the medical student is also learning through experience, beginning with dissecting cadavers from almost the first day of medical school. Then, the aspiring physician must complete four years of residency, consisting of actual supervised experience at a hospital in which he or she now must put into practice all of the knowledge he or she has edge of dealing with patients, prescribing medication, and the joy and sadness of saving and losing patients; in other words, it is through experience that these residents finally learn what it means to be a doctor.
What about knowledge other than professional expertise-for example, knowledge about another culture? In this realm as well, both books and real-life experience enrich and edify us. For example, Paris is perhaps the most talked-about and written-about city in the world. We could read Hemingway's A Moveable Feast, in which he describes the excitement and intellectual spirit-as well as the restaurants and plentiful red wine-of Paris in the 1920's. Or, we could travel to Paris and eat at bistros, walk across the Pont Neuf and look at the river Seine, visit the Louvre museum, and have adventures of our own. Clearly, most people would have attained more lasting and vivid knowledge by visiting Paris on their own rather than reading about it secondhand.
In summary, experience, rather than books, is more central to our quest for learning, especially with regard to professional expertise. With regard to learning about another culture, experience is also irreplaceable. Yet not everyone in the world will have the health or financial resources to carry out a trip to Paris. But many people have access to a local library where they can borrow A Moveable Feast and, at no cost, read Hemingway's vibrant descriptions of Paris. We cannot forget the complementary and unique knowledge afforded by books, but experience is the most precious source of knowledge.
托福写作高分范文大全2
Task:“When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考：
It is universally acknowledged that hard work is indispensable to success. Scientists toil for years before they make a major discovery. Students study for years before they are accepted by a top university. Self-make people work for a long time, even all their life before they make a fortune. However, less well-known is the essential role that luck plays in achieving one's goals. It is often luck that turns years of hard work into success: people discover and invent things with the help of luck, and so do they become famous and find jobs.
First, luck has helped a great number of people invent and discover things. Sir Alexander Fleming experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he discovered penicillin. He went through laborious trial and error, but it was on account of luck that he looked at the mold on a piece of cheese and got the idea for penicillin there and then. Benjamin Franklin had been trying to prove his idea that lightning and electricity is the same thing, but it was only in flying a kite that he proved it and the concept of a lightning rod happened to strike him.
Also, luck helps people become famous. Let us consider young authors. Many work hard to learn to write. For example, they take writing classes. Besides, they work at menial jobs so as to survive and gain experience. Then one day a lucky writer may have piece of writing published and attract public attention. Or the writer meets an editor at the right time and place. Years of continuous writing brings the writer to the door of success, but one lucky chance, like the shot in soccer, eventually helps him or her reap success.
Finally, luck has helped many people secure jobs. One may spend much time writing and sending resumes, reading recruiting ads, and going to job interviews. One may pond the pavement for a long time before getting a job. However, it is with luck that a job hunter meets the person who will offer a position to him or her, or learns of a vacancy that is not advertised. Being at the right place at the right time often helps one land a job, and this has all to do with luck. One can hardly succeed without hard work, but hard work without luck often leads to nothing. Luck has a great number of people find success. In fact, luck goes hand in hand with hard work.
托福写作高分范文大全3
Task:Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考：
Some people think that university students should be able to choose whether to go to classes or not. I could not disagree more with this idea. Even though students can have excused absences, for example, when they are sick or have something emergent to attend, generally they should be required to go to classes. In fact, attending classes has many advantages, three of them most important: learning from the teacher, interacting with classmates, and developing responsibility. Attending classes has the benefit of receiving the best that a teacher can offer. Good teachers review the difficult and key pints of the material in the course textbook. The best teachers do more than this. They conduct group discussion of the material, and present alternative points of view on the same issue. This increases students' real understanding and critical thinking.
Moreover, teachers supplement the textbook material with information provide by guest speakers, which further enhances students' understanding. All this implies that, if students are absent from class, it is tantamount to forfeiting their right to full benefits of teacher-guided learning in class. Going to classes also helps students learn how to work with their classmates. In class, students need to put forward their ideas. They have to take questions from their classmates and when their classmates have a different point of view, they have to defend their own. All this is conducted in a friendly manner. Interaction of this kind teaches students about how to work with other people.
Finally, going to classes enables students to develop responsibility. Having to finish all the assigned readings before class helps prepare them for getting a job. So does the requirement of being punctual for class. Similarly, having to complete assignment on time for class helps them to foster responsibility.
Admittedly, students can obtain information from books, but they benefit a great deal more when they go to classes. They have the advantage of learning from their teacher, of interacting with other people, and of developing the responsibility required of a good worker as well as a good student. If these skills in life are in no sense optional, how can attending classes in a university be optional?
托福写作高分范文大全4
托福考试 作文 题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future. Use reasons and specific examples to support our answer.
托福考试作文参考分析：
举一些例子支持题目中的观点，确实有些痛苦经历对将来毫无帮助。
托福考试作文范文参考：
Some people argue that most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time can later become valuable experiences. I cannot agree with them more. There are numerous reasons why I hold confidence on this opinion, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.
Difficulties are beneficial to our personal growth. In the course of our life, we will face numerous difficulties, and each difficulty will help us grow up, and become a valuable lesson for the future. A toddler fells off the ground for many times before he knows how to walk, and a child learns how to swim after he drinks water in the swimming pool. In addition, only after we experienced failures, we know the value of success. We will never appreciate anything that comes so easy. Difficulties can make us feel stronger and be more confident for the future obstacles.
Furthermore, difficulties in our work can help us gain more experience and knowledge. Most of the times we can gain knowledge and experiences faster through experiencing difficulties in our life and trying to find a solutions to the perplexities that we face. There is a famous saying, "no pain no gain." For example, when we take on a new job that we do not have much experience in, the first few weeks can be extremely painful and we may feel enormous pressure and difficulties. And we will try our best to adjust, to learn and to think, how to do this job better. The more difficulties we feel, the harder we try to acquire the skills and knowledge to overcome it. Learning and this stage is extremely efficient and our problem solving skills well increase. After we overcome more and more problems, we can become an experienced worker in this field and will be able to take on more challenges. We will never fear that we will face the same kind of problem again. This means that we have accumulated valuable experiences for the future.
In a word, a difficult experience is a gift that life gives us. We should appreciate it and take it as a precious opportunity to gain knowledge and experience about our study, work and life.
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托福写作常用句式（一）：让步句
1、This view is widely acknowledged；however，there is little evidence that smoking is beneficial to people's health.这个观点被广泛认可，然而，几乎没有证据表明吸烟对人们健康有利。
2、Although（While） the computer has been widely used in class，it cannot replace the role of teachers.尽管计算机已经广泛用于课堂，但是它不能取代教师的作用。
3、Reasonable as the opinion sounds，it cannot bear much analysis.虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析 4、In spite of a lot of conveniences that cars bring to people's life，they can create a series of serious problems.尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利，但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。
托福写作常用句式（二）：It引导的句子
1、It is hard to imagine what our life would look like without computers in modern society.很难想象如果现代社会没有了计算机，我们的生活会变成什么样子。
2、It is conceivable that being physically active does good to health.可想而知，积极参加体育活动有利于身体健康。
3、It is a highly controversial issue whether women should join the armed forces or not.女性是否应该参军是一个非常有争议的问题。
4、It is universally acknowledged that water and air are indispensable to human beings. 人们普遍认为，水和空气对人类不可缺少。
5、It is essential that endangered species of animals be protected against being killed.保护濒危的动物物种免遭残杀是必需的。
6、It is high time that the government took effective measures to resolve these problems.该是政府采取有效措施来解决这些问题的时候了
7、It has been made easier for modern people to communicate with each other by the internet in a few seconds.现代人很容易通过互联网在几秒钟内就取得联系。
8、It is worth caring about the way a child behaves.关心孩子们的行为方式是值得的。
9、It is no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。
10、It has been a few decades since the computer came into being.自从计算机问世以来已经有几十年的时间了。
托福写作常用句式（三）：非限制性定语从句
1、Undoubtedly，practical courses can be used to the reality，which is of vital importance to their development in the future.毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。
2、Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on mass media，which is sometimes dangerous and harmful.孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。
3、The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills，which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
托福写作常用句式（四）：否定句
1、Instead of indulging in playing computer games，children should be taught how to benefit from useful information on the internet.应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。
2、On no account （Under no circumstances）can we ignore the immense value of knowledge.我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。
3、College students take part-time jobs not for more money but for a better understanding of societies. 大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。
4、One's salary does not depend so much on his educational background as on his ability and contribution to the society.一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。
5、In terms of nutrition，fast food is far from satisfactory.从营养角度来说，快餐远非令人满意。
6、Parents would not expect their children to become useful persons without working hard.父母们不能指望孩子们不经过刻苦努力就可以成才。
托福写作常用句式（五）：原因句
1、Violent films can do harm to young people，because they contains numerous negative information.暴力影片对年轻人是有害的，因为其中包含大量负面信息。
2、Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction. 野生动物灭绝的主要责任在人类。
3、We should attribute （ascribe）medical advances to the animals which do substantial contributions to the experiment.我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。
4、Because of overpopulation，water shortage has become one of the most serious problems.由于人口过剩，水短缺已经成为一个最严重的问题。
5、Owing to the fierce competition in today's world，a great many young people find themselves under great pressure.由于当今世界的激烈竞争，大量的年轻人承受巨大的压力。
托福写作常用句式（六）：插入语
1、Computers，most important of all，create wide communication around the world.最重要的是，计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。
2、Providing more parking areas，in the long run，has proved to be a practical way out in many large cities in the world.从长远的利益来看，提供更多的停车位证明是许多世界大城市切实可行的出路。
3、Observing local culture，consciously and unconsciously，can reduce the chance of offending the locals，or it will lead to the embarrassment and even conflict.无论是否意识到，遵循当地的文化可以减少冒犯当地人的机会，否则，就会导致尴尬甚至冲突。
4、Space exploration，some people believe，will bring some unexpected discoveries.有人相信空间探索将会带来意想不到的发现。
托福写作常用句式（七）：强调句
1、It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance that human beings ought to protect the endangered animal species.正是为了维持生态平衡，人类才应该保护地球上濒危的动物物种。
2、It is not until people suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARS and AIDS that they are becoming aware of how significant it is for the government to invest more money in medical care. 直到人们患了像非典和爱滋病这样致命的疾病时，才意识到政府把更多的钱投入到医疗上的重要性。
3、Nothing in the world is more valuable than health.
托福写作常用句式（八）：比较句
1、Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high for youngsters from single-parent families as for those in traditional households.（同级比较）研究表明来自单亲家庭的青少年犯罪率是来自传统家庭的两倍。
2、Generally speaking，people in modern times enjoy less leisure time than they did previously.（比较级）一般说来，现代人比过去享有更少的休闲时间。
3、Compared with those with different abilities，children with intelligence do more well in their school work and intelligence tests.与不同能力的孩子相比，聪明的孩子在学业和智力测验方面表现更加突出。
4、Contrary to pop stars，other professionals like doctors and teachers create the true value for their society.与明星不同，其他专业人员如医生和教师为社会创造了真正的价值。
5、Air is to human what （as） water is to fish.空气对人类就如同水对鱼一样。
托福写作常用句式（九）：倒装句
1、only in this way can the problem be tackled properly.只有这样才能妥善地解决这个问题。
2、only when children take arduous efforts can they become successful.只有当孩子们付出艰苦的努力他们才能获得成功。
3、Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose，but students learn how to handle interpersonal relations.在校学习不仅为了学术目的，而且还可以学会如何处理人际关系。
4、Under no circumstances should youngsters follow negative information on mass media blindly.青少年决不应当盲从大众媒体上的不良信息。
5、So valuable is water that we cannot afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
6、Nowadays，most dangerous for youngsters is the tendency to indulge in playing PC games.如今对青少年最为危险的事情是倾向于过多地玩电脑游戏。
托福写作常用句式（十）：假设句
1、If we destroy old buildings，then we will ruin the traditional culture and heritage.如果我们推倒老房子，就要破坏传统的文化和遗产。
2、You would miss the chance to interact with other students if you used internet at home.假如你在家上网，你就会失去与其他同学交流的机会。
3、once you change your present job，you will be faced with the danger of being unemployed.一旦你变换了现在的工作，就面临着失业的危险。
很多同学面对托福写作都觉得心力不足，为带来了托福备考策略和技巧-写作如何得高分的10个托福写作提升绝招，帮助大家提升托福写作成绩。
1.你的时间预算
你只有半个小时来应对托福独立写作，你必须要把时间估算好，这其中可能包括：计划和记录2-3分钟;写文章大约20分钟;检查文章3-5分钟。这其中可能有的考生还需要理思路和列提纲等，反正大家要把考试时间计算精确，千万别等时间到了，你还没有写完，更别谈检查了。
2.仔细阅读问题
对于托福独立写作，最重要的就是审题，就是考生必须要准确地写这个题目。如果你对题目都理解得不清不楚，那么你写出来的文章或许也不能算是一篇成功或者说高分作文。
3.头脑风暴
在进行托福独立写作之前，考生应该花一些时间来进行“头脑风暴”，思考这个话题和最好的方法。也只有这样才能让你在看到题目之后把所以可能会出现的情况都提前封上，以求写出高分作文。
4.写你计划的文章
你不必用罗马数字、大写字母等写出正式的大纲。但是，你应该做一些笔记。通过你的笔记，你可以根据你列出思路进行写作，把你想要写的点都写到，以充实你的托福写作文章。
5.确保你的笔迹是尽可能清晰
因为现代托福考试都是机考，这些这里的笔迹清晰你可以理解成你的文章逻辑思路，不要让读者即你的批改考官看到一篇没有逻辑的文章，这样会影响你的得分的。
6.遵循一个明确，逻辑结构
这其实和第5点差不多，就是要说你的文章结构要清楚，这样阅读人才会有兴趣读下去。一般好的文章一般是这样的结构：
主题段：提出观点或者主旨。
正文：由2-3段组成，这其中包括例子叙述等内容。
结尾段：最后总结一些为什么选择这个，可能还会运用到让步段，即如果选择另一个观点会怎么样。
7.使用具体的例子，具体原因
对于文章的例子，这个我们在这里也单独说一下，一般置于文章的正文部分，必须要有例子来支撑你的论点。
8.使用信号词来表示的转换
在你的文章当中，信号词可以用来连接段落到段落和句子到句子。
9.使用不同的句子类型
好的文章是由大部分的简单句+少许的长句组成。如果全篇都是简单句，就会让考官觉得你的文章太单调，这样的文章评分一般不会太高，所以在写作时，考生要努力的使用不同长度的句子来体现你的英文水平。
10.检查作文错误
在托福写作当中，往往会因一些小的错误让你的托福写作得不了高分，因此不要跨越长的部分或者尝试添加很多新的材料。在标点符号、拼写和大写以及常见的语法错误中找出明显的错误。这也是托福写作高分很重要的一个部分，所以大家要尽可能抽出些时间来进行检查。
托福写作有几篇 文章 ?关于托福写作考试内容想必是很多考生想要知道的。以下就是托福写作考什么|考试内容具体介绍，希望对考生托福备考有所帮助。
托福写作考什么|考试内容具体介绍
托福写作包括两部分，需在50分钟的时间内完成。
第一部分是综合写作，以阅读和听力材料为基础的写作试题，写作时间为20分钟。考生首先需要阅读一篇学术篇章，阅读的时间是3分钟。然后文章隐去，考生需要听一段大约为2分钟左右的与阅读主题相关的演讲。之后考生需要针对阅读和演讲中的观点 作文，总结 并说明演讲的内容与阅读中观点的关系，在20分钟的时间内完成一篇150~225字的文章。
第二部分是独立写作，需要考生根据自己的知识和 经验 陈述、解释并支持对待某一问题的某个看法，考查综合语言技能的作文题目的评分以回答的质量、完整性和准确性为依据。在30分钟内完成一篇300字以上的文章。
如何写好托福写作的并列句
最常见的并列句就是用and，but等作为连接词，将两个分句连接起来。比如：
历史必然含混也因此必然有趣。
History has to be vague and is therefore very interesting.
在中国孩子们没有权利也因此做一些自己不喜欢做的事情。
In China children have little rights and therefore have to do many things that they do not enjoy doing.
计算机不仅给人们带来了方便，还使人们学得更多。
Computers have not only brought convenience but they have also made people learn more.
从这些例句，我们可以得到以下这些结论：
1、尽量使用复数名词作主语
之所以提出这样的建议，是因为复数名词更能说明某个群体的共性，具有说服力，个体例子可能比较典型，不足以论证你的观点。
2、能用过去式就用过去式，能用完成式就用完成式
3、用not only把第一个谓语动词切开，用but also把第二个谓语动词切开
常见的三种 句子 切分结构：
主语和谓语切开(要求主语超过一个词)
Those parents, however, have supported such a stupid decision.
助动词和实义动词切开
Those parents have , however, supported such a stupid decision.
系动词和表语切开
It is, however, hardly true that……
4、不是省略而是替换(代词) 例：6. If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what would you change? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
A nice environment will make people happier.
A nice environment will also make people healthier. A good environment will not only make people happier and healthier, but it will even make people more productive.
通过这三句的比较，我们可以很明显地感受到并列句对于托福写作level提高的作用。
托福写作：如何构建严密的逻辑框架
熟读过一些典型托福 范文 的同学，应该了解，托福写作很讲究文章的逻辑严密性。有的人甚至觉得他的结构与八股文相比有过之而无不及，但是我建议大家不要轻视了这作文结构。建议大家考查自己是否有能力用 逻辑思维 方法 来表达自己对事物的想法和看法，实际上也就是流畅表达文章的结构上。大家在练习作文时，往往会觉得如何准确用词是练习的重点，会费去大量的时间。其实，如何构建一个严密的逻辑框架才是训练之重，需要被放在首位。
有了清晰的逻辑结构，就像全文有了骨架，剩下的工作就是怎样为他充实，这也就是在托福写作过程中语言的多样性。
这就要求大家一方面要继续看范文，除了初期做的学习语言和结构之外，还可以把自己写的文章和同一题目或相近题目的范文进行比较，体会不同的思路。另一方面，更要把指导性参考书多看看。
另外在托福考场上时间无疑是最为宝贵的，那么怎么能在有限的时间内争分夺秒，迅速阅读并理解题目，理清思路，并组织好语言呢?这需要我们在平时不断大量的练习，以及在每次练习后总结经验教训，以免下次再犯同样的错误。那么在平时的练习以及在考场上，审题无疑是最为重要的环节之一，因为它直接与我们的写作内容相联系，如果我们审题出现了偏差，那么不管我们的语言多么优美生动，不管我们的结构多么合理分明，我们的作文都是不合格的，所以我们在练习及考试时，都不能不重视审题那一步骤，务必要在最短的时间内抓住题目的关键词，正确理解要求，保证迅速而准确的解读出题目的隐含意义，并迅速梳理出自己的思路，树立自己的观点，写出高质的作文来。
大家知道新托福需要机考，所以在做模考的时候，要熟悉电脑的操作加快打字的速度，为自己赢取时间。
新东方托福写作语料库：孩子做作业时是否可以听歌上网
Students can use their mobile phones to surf on the Internet or listen to the music while doing their homework 在做作业的时候，孩子们可以使用手机或者是听音乐：
作家立场：反驳孩子们可以一边学习一边听歌或者使用手机。
【思路拓展】
1. 对于缺乏自律性的学生而言，一心二用容易分散他们的注意力，降低他们的学习效率。形成对比的是，学生们如果专注于学习，可以培养他们的学习兴趣，提高他们学习效率，使学生们精通学业。
2. 学业成功的关键是专注专心，做作业的同时听歌或者上网容易使孩子们变得懒散，散漫的习惯对于孩子们的学业，事业，生活都会造成不良影响。
让步学生做作业听歌和上网的利好：
1. 放松身心，缓解压力，尤其是在遇到学习困难的时候。
【薛鹏原创语料库】
1. The study will be delayed and disadvantaged.耽误学业
解析：disadvantage v使处于不利地位
2. get unsatisfying marks in the exam v考试成绩不能令人们满足
3. by contrast = in marked contrast v形成对比的是
4. Students need to be focused when fulfilling homework duty 学生在完成作业时应该专注的。
5. zero in on one’s academic study v专注于学习
解析：zero in on = focus on = concentrate on v专注于……
6. One’s attention will distracted 一个人的精力会被分散
7. impose much pressure upon our minds v增加了精神的压力
拓展：impose much pressure upon a nation economically 增加了国家的经济压力
8. …… is a great-waster v …… 是浪费时间的事情
9. …… waste large amounts of time v ……浪费大量的时间
10. fail to improve the efficiency of learning v不能提高学习效率
11. cannot enhance the efficiency of learning v不能提高学习效率
12. might become absent-minded 也许会变得心不在焉的
13. …… might interfere with one’s study …… 也许会耽误一个人的学习
解析：interfere with v干涉……
14. do the homework duty v做家庭作业
15. fulfill the homework duty v完成家庭作业
16. You can not eat your cake and have it two 鱼和熊掌不可兼得。
17. My personal story could justify my stand 我的个人的 故事 可以证明我的立场
点评：用于例证拓展的引导语，我的例子更加有说服力。
18. Some people argue that they might lose enthusiasm for their studies if they concentrate on study for a long time, therefore, they prefer to finish their homework duty while surfing on line or listen to some favorite music. 有些人认为他们如果专注于学习太久，也许会失去学习的热情，因此，他们更加喜欢一边上网或者听过，一边完成作业。
19. it is unwise to do sth v做……是不明智的
20. it is a hasty decision to encourage sb to do sth v鼓励某人做……是草率的决定
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