托福阅读考试怎么提升答题的速度
对于托福考试的阅读部分来说,主要提升的就是大家的阅读速度,这样能在考试中省下不少的时间。那么今天就给大家来讲讲托福考试阅读的准备技巧。
一、托福阅读怎么提速
1、概括地观察
在练习时我们会读一些文章或者段子,首先我们可以进行略读。对于文章的首段或者每段的内容进行概括,我们就可以知道这些文章都讲了些什么,而不是去通读,逐字去读,逐词去读,这样不浪费时间,而且对于自己的阅读能力的提升也是微乎其微的。
2、学会来引导阅读
当你在读托福阅读文章的时候,可以为文章的标题、副题、图片及首句设定问题,可以把它们写在各自己的位置,这样你在看问题的时候,就可以帮助你更清晰的了解文章的内容了。
3、学会做标记
如果在托福阅读的时候,我们如果遇到了所答问题关键词或者短语,我们要将它标记下来,并且要将它们积累起来。因为如果这里考到了,说明之后 也可能会考到,这些关键记号和短语就是我们平时练习时需要的积累的知识,不但在之后做阅读题或许会用得到,在托福考试的其它学科可能也是会用得到的。
4、要学会提问题
在阅读的时候,考生要学会提问题,在阅读完一个段落之后,可以在每段的句首位置写出一个问题,当你看到这个问题的就会想到这个段落讲的是什么意思。这样不让自己的对段落有了清楚的认识,还能做到很的归纳总结的作用。
5、学会举一反三
在托福阅读的整个学习过程中,考生要学会类推,也就是在你完全掌握了文章内容之后,对于文章中出现的一些问题,我们可以把它联系到日常的生活当中,如果在生活当中我们会怎么样,利用这样的联带的关系,考生可以更加的对阅读文章时行融汇贯通,大在的提高自己的阅读兴趣和能力。这也是托福阅读提高的一个很好的途径。
二、托福阅读怎么拿高分
托福阅读中的题型是相对较为固定的,也就是被大家经常提到的”托福阅读十大经典题型“。这十大题型包括细节题、排除题、推断题、修辞目的题、词汇题、指代题、简化句子题、插入句子题、文章内容小结题、完成图表题。对于每种题型都有着它具体的解题步骤,大家在每次阅读练习过程中,对于步骤都要做好梳理,阅读的提速将更加明显。比如主旨题,建议大家可以安排到全文的最后做,因为在做其他题目时候,大家都会对全文进行逐步的了解,主旨题安排在最后应该是最为合理的。
除了词汇量的提升之外,长难句则又是托福阅读的另一个难点。小站想提醒大家,在难句的理解中,结构分析是关键点。只有清晰明确的找到了主谓宾等结构,才能准确理解其含义。而过多纠结于词汇上,结果只能是因小失大。
在长期的备考过程中,养成良好的做题习惯还是很有必要的。比如,有些学生在阅读中习惯于一字不漏的看完全文开始做题,有些学生则反之,对全文还没清楚的了解就直接做题。这些问题,都需要在平时就加以注意。小站想告诉大家,阅读理解中速度和理解是同等重要,一样的不容忽视。
三、解题方式
1、 词汇基础要扎实。
托福阅读有一个很大的特色就是有专门考察单词的题型,也就是托福阅读词汇题。从文章中抽出一个单词,让考生选择与这个单词词义最接近最符合的。这些词汇是没有一个大纲让考生去背的,只有靠考生平时自己大量的托福阅读词汇积累,尤其是一些学术学科的词汇。
2、托福阅读试题基本语法知识要了解。
托福阅读考试是一项比较全面的考察学生英语能力的内容,所以从词汇开始,一直到句子已经篇章都有对应的考题类型去考察。但是要理解句子的含义,光是词汇认识也不一定能完全搞清楚,有的时候需要通过语法知识去分析。这种语法在很多题型中有所体现。
3、逻辑关系词要牢记在心。
托福阅读中的英语句子,很多时候是要考生去理解其逻辑关系的,常见的逻辑关系有并列(and,as well),比较(than,as…),因果(because,so,therefore,thus,result from),递进(also,furthermore),转折(but,however,yet)等等。找到这些信号词,对你的解题会有很大的帮助。
2020托福听力考试题型介绍
了解托福听力考试有哪些题型对于托福备考是非常有帮助的,那么接下来就和来看看2020托福听力考试题型介绍。
一、六种托福听力题型易考点及其技巧点睛:
所谓最大的技巧就是“反命题”,知己知彼,才能百战不殆。想要在听力部分取得高分,不仅是在刚开始接触IBT听力时,乃至当临考的冲刺阶段在做官方样题时,也一定要将ETS的出题思路和考核要点贯彻始终。
1、主旨题
一个段子的主旨往往出现在文章引言和开头处,而重复的最多往往一定是主旨!在听课堂演讲等学术性题目时,一定要首先把握文章最核心的主旨,主旨考题选项中过于细节的往往是错误选项;
2、功能/目的题
该题型类似于主旨题,对于任何一个长段子,首先务必要把握的是文章的主旨和结构,只有主旨确定了,才有可能去理解细节,做推断。
3、细节题
主旨题和细节题主要是考察考生对于基本信息的理解能力(basic comprehension),除此之外ETS所要考察考生的另外两种能力分别是对于语用信息的理解(pragmatic understanding)和整合信息、对全文结构把握的能力(connecting information)。而基本信息的理解就占到50%的比重,可见主旨题和细节题的重要性。
对于细节题,大家不要走入误区,觉得所有的细节100%会考到,所以去关注每一个小的细节点,以至于舍本逐末,只见树木,不见森林。对于细节题,大家要把握两个原则:第一、ETS只会考察我们和主旨有关的重要细节。过于偏细节的实在没有听到,大可不必惋惜,影响后面的发挥;第二,牢牢把握住往往和考点向联系的重要信号词。比如说表示因果的accordingly,thus等词对应于细节题中常考察的因果题。而常见的和信号词相关的考点有逻辑时间顺序、举例、列举、相似或者对比、转折、强调、因果、总结、定义、建议、数字等。
4、态度/ 推断
对话中的态度题要注意通过语气、语调、重读来推测;而由于演讲中的内容相对学术和客观,所以演讲中的态度题要注意通过形容词和副词的褒贬色彩来确定说话者的主观意图。
推断题把握一条原则:正确选项往往不是文章中的直接表述,可能通过同意互换的方式来设置陷阱,迷惑考生。
5、组织结构题 / 分类信息题
6、内容连接题 / 排序题
最后的五六两种题型都是考察考生对于全文结构的一个综合把握,是对考生能力的最高要求,但是它同样也是基于对文章主旨把握的基础之上的。要做好这两种题型,大家在最后一周一定要强化熟练自己记笔记的能力。
不是笔记越全越好,因为没有那么多时间,而且也容易遗漏新的信息;当然也不要走极端不记笔记,因为4~6分钟的课堂演讲绝对超过了人脑的瞬时记忆负荷。关于笔记大家把握三个原则:一、在确定主旨的前提下关注信号词后面的重点词(前面细节题已做介绍);二、但凡分类信息题笔记中注意记录按什么分类,以及每一类的特征;三、排序题的笔记注意表明步骤和逻辑顺序信号词后的内容。对于“笔记”是新托福考试听力的重中之重,大家在最后几天一定要多加操练,熟能生巧。
二、托福听力最后冲刺复习方法和时间安排:
对于长对话部分,大家注意复习和校园生活有关的场景,尤其要注意比较学术的场景,比如论文场景、图书馆场景(moratorium-罚金暂缓)等。熟悉场景的常考词汇和常考思路;对于课堂演讲部分,方法和题型前面已经介绍很多了,应该作为最后冲刺的重点。
三、 如何解决目的题
听力材料中出现的例子(Example)是最经典的“插入信息”,这里也直接对应托福听力考试的一大题型——目的题(例子题)。
常见问法:Why does the professor mention...?
刷过TPO的同学一定不会陌生。下面我们以TPO1 conversation2的一道目的题来看看,材料中是如何插入例子考点的。
题目:Why does Matthew mention Greek and Roman mythology?
A. To identify a topic frequently discussed in third grade
B. To get the professor's opinion about a lesson he taught
C. To make a suggestion to improve the class he is taking
D. To illustrate a technique used to teach a third-grade class
通过分析文本,教授表示对ell课堂上运用的interdisciplinary(跨学科)这种教学方法非常感兴趣,学生为了进一步解释这种方法的具体应用,例举了在课堂上ell关于jupiter这颗太阳系中最大的行星名字的由来,讲到了jupiter这个词同时也是罗马神话中众神之王的名字(朱庇特)。
文中原话:So since Jupiter,the planet,is the largest planet in our solar system,it's like the king of the planets,like Jupiter was the king of all the gods.这种由天⽂文学跨到神学的讲解方式正是interdisciplinary这一教学technique的具体体现。故此题选D。
除了以上最显眼的例子插入,托福听力考试中还有一些相对存在感比较弱,却常爆考点的“插入信息”。如TPO1 Lecture1中:
题目:Why did Frantzen go to the Sales Barn?
A. To study human form and movement
B. To earn money by painting portraits
C. To paint farm animals in an outdoor setting
D. To meet people who could model for her paining
这道题属于因果类细节题,询问画家Rose Frantzen为什么常去Sales Barn这样的地方?答案难度其实不大,后文两次提到“movement”,选A。难点在于这个细节容易被忽略。但只要我们掌握“插入信息”这个考点,也就不难理解为什么要考这道题。在教授讲述该画家的一幅关于Farm的画作与回国后的经历之间,说了一句“Oh,and speaking about frams,that reminds me…One interesting thing I read about Franzten is that...”此处插入的这句话更像是对考点的一种提示,让考生对接下来的内容提高警惕。
又如TPO3 conversation2中
题目:What information does the student still need to get from the professor?
A. The name of the senior researcher
B. What book he needs to read before the next lecture
C. When the train session will be scheduled
D. Where the project is located:
这道题也属于细节题,难度系数很低,但出现在同样容易被忽略的conversation结尾处,不少同学在听完全文后对该考点毫无印象,这种送分题反而成了送命题…通过分析文本,我们发现其实这个考点也是“早有预谋”,在出现答案training前(C),学生插入了一句“By the way”,大家千万不要小看这个看似普通的小词组,在TPO听力练习中,几乎每次它的出场,都在告诉我们考点来了。
托福听力考试内容有哪些
对于想要出国留学的同学来说,托福成绩是不少国家需要的条件,考托福首先要了解各个部分考试的内容,下面是介绍的托福听力考试内容。
一、托福听力考试内容
1.首先进行的听力考试时间40分钟,题目分四个部分。第一个部分是日常生活中会发生的对话(通常为二人),第二个部分是生活相关的独白;第三个部分是学术性的对话(通常二人以上),第四个部分为学术论文演讲,难度依次增加(亦为了再筛选精英,有时有些句子会带重口音或地道词语)。
2.通常前三个部分都会分成两段,分别回答不同的问题。考生在听完每段录音后会有一小段时间复查(但因为不会重复,所以要即时写出答案)。全部录音放完需时30分钟,剩余10分钟供考生将答案从试卷填写到答题卡上。时间到了之后考官会把试卷收上来,并要求考生将答题卡翻过来。
二、托福听力考试技巧
多练习
托福听力想要取得进步首先需要精听,即一边听一边抄,可以说这是提高听力能力的捷径。推荐大家使用scientific american来练习。这个段子语速快,时间短,效率高,也有助于积累科技英语听力中的常用词。
听结构
lecture之类的听力,其文稿本身就带有科技英语的风格。完全可以拿分析阅读的套路来分析它。
注意top sentence,碰到例证则关注其特殊人名地名什么的,然后完了留意实验结束后的conclusion。
遇到强对比,留意比较对象和不同点。TS和段尾往往出主旨题,罗列的特殊人名地名则针对细节题。练习托福听力都要注意这些结构。
统计题型分析题目意图
大家可以在模考的时候统计一下哪一类的题目容易错,然后针对性训练。
总之,对于你的惯错题型,一定要熟悉到一旦它出现,你就认得它,并且知道它考的意图,这样错误的概率就会下降了。
三、托福听力考试注意事项
加试和机经
加试的题目不算分,这个大家都知道,但这不是金科玉律。有考生反映自己认出了加试题所以没有认真做,但最终的听力成绩和以往差很多。所以,到底哪个是加试题目,也许不能仅凭网络上的总结来判定。
新托福听力考试对策:建议把经典加试题或者机经看做是背景材料,遇到我们熟悉的加试题或者机经,依然要认真听,认真做题,把之前看过的机经用来帮助理解,这样才能万无一失。
另外顺便说一句,加试的不一定就是阅读和听力中的一个,少数情况下存在双加试的现象,要有心理准备。
听与记
很多人喜欢把尽可能多的内容记在纸上,结果反而导致很多信息没听到。实际上,这是一个误区。人是有记忆力的,我们要尽量把听到的信息记在脑子里,不是纸上。记笔记固然重要,但只是为了提示我们,而不是要我们到笔记里去找信息,否则不是和阅读没什么区别.
所以,新托福听力考试,重在听,不在记。我们记录的可能只是支离破碎的几个字母组合,但我们自己要能根据这些残破的内容整合出原文的框架。至于具体信息,要靠我们脑子中的记录和自己的思考来进行整合,用以解答问题。
四、托福听力考试题型
主旨题
主旨题是一种以录音材料的主旨大意作为考查内容的一种题型。
主旨题的考查频率非常高,几乎每篇托福听力的录音材料都会考一道主旨题,有的录音材料甚至会考两道。
主旨题虽然考查的频率比较高,但是相对来说解题难度并不大。大多数托福听力录音材料的主题会出现在前1-2分钟,有时会在录音中反复提到主题的关键词或关键词组。考生只要掌握录音开头的内容,就可以解决大部分托福听力主旨题。
另外,解答某些主旨题必须要总结录音材料每段的主题,才能得出全文的主旨。只要考生听懂了每段话的开头几句,这些题目一般解题难度也不会很大。
细节题
听力中的细节题只会考查我们和主旨有关的重要细节。过于偏细节的实在没有听到,大可不必惋惜,以免影响后面的发挥。
在进行答题时,要牢牢把握住往往和考点相联系的重要信号词。例如,表示因果的accordingly,thus等词对应于细节题中常考察的因果题。
而常见的和信号词相关的考点主要有逻辑时间顺序、举例、列举、相似或者对比、转折、强调、因果、总结、定义、建议、数字等。
目的题
此题型类似于主旨题。对于任何长段落,首先必须掌握的是文章的主旨和结构。只有主旨确定了,才有可能去理解细节,做出推断。
2021年8月21日托福阅读真题分析
托福考试对于想要出国留学的同学来说是需要参加的考试,备考托福大家可以看看以往的真题,为大家分享了2021年8月21日托福阅读真题分析,一起来看看吧!
2021年8月21日托福阅读真题分析
1. 苹果农业在欧洲的发展。
2. 加农药会让动物进化,产生新的化学物质或者酶,并且传给后代,但是又出现了虫子泛滥,因为消灭了他的predator。
3. 美洲一个民族的图腾。
4. 亚马逊特有会跳的动物,提了三个假说,一个是树高,一个是树枝干少,一个是叶子有毒吃草的昆虫不能生存,食肉动物因为什么几年一次的变化也不能生存。
5. 大海的温度比变化不大,大海表层叫个什么什么,温度相对高,季节变化和风导致它的深度也不一样,大海还有利于缓解气候变暖。
6. 一个人反对心理学家拿personality trait去预测一个人的行为 因为很不准确。
7. 珊瑚礁群落。
8. 北美的生态转型。
词汇题:
1. burgeoning。
2. prior to。
托福阅读错误解题思路方法
误区一“选择题,就是要用排除法”
这是一个常见的认知错误。要知道四个选项,有三个错误,只有一个正确的,且位置不定,毫无规律可循。试问,选错的概率比选对的概率高50%。所以,排除法并不好用。只有把选择题当做简答题做,即从原文中找到题干对应答案,再进行选择才是正确,而且往往阅读高手还可以节约掉不必要的阅读选项的时间。
选择题,不用排除法,而当做简答题完成。
误区二“标题是摆设,直接读文章”
这是流行在托福界的一个普遍的错误。如果标题真的没用,那么精于算计的American考官早就取消了。标题是一篇文章的主题所在,理解它,就可以预判文章的内容,甚至是结构。同时提升阅读兴趣,避免考试阅读疲劳症的出现。我的“严师高徒”班的同学们都可以证明这一点。
标题必须看,而且要预测文章基本结构和大体内容。
误区三“词汇题,只有增加词汇量才行”
要知道在托福的词汇考核中,基本词汇量、构词法分析还有上下文推断是三个考点。意味增加词汇量,只能对基本词汇量和部分构词法词汇起到帮助,对上下文推断收效甚微,这就是为什么经常有考试词汇量大概10,000但是托福阅读仍旧还在24-26分徘徊的原因。所以,词汇理解必须基于句子结构搭配,以及上下文分析方可。
误区四“最有一题,最后才看”
这种观点只有没有经验的菜鸟托福才这样想、并这样做。因为它的最终结果只会是浪费时间重读原文,或YY答案,其正确率根本没有保障。正确之道是先看,而非后看。因为最后一题要么要求总结文章段落大意,要么是分类填表。只有提前了解了题型和基本要求,才能在阅读时有的放矢,让文章阅读只做一遍。不必要的阅读时间缩短了,正确率才会提高。
托福阅读简化题答题方法
考生在解答这类题型时,一般步骤分为三步:①首先看句子的类型是简单句还是复杂句,简单句即只有主、谓、宾没有其他修饰成分的句子,复杂句则是加入了一些修饰性成分,往往不容易一眼看出重点的句子。②根据上一步的判断,如果是复杂句,需要考生先找出句子主干,如果是简单句,则不需要,接下来则需要分析句子中有没有明显的逻辑关系,判断标准是利用句子中的逻辑关联词,比如指示因果关系的有:Therefore,due to,as,for,thus,hence,consequently以及能够表达“引起、造成”、“起源于、由…而来”意义的词,指示并列关系的标志词是:also,both…and…,either...or...,equally,similarly等。③在确定了句子主干和逻辑之后,接下来需要对选项中句子作简要分析,核对选项的逻辑和主干是不是和原句一致。
托福阅读简化题答题技巧
句子简化题的以上答题方法比较繁琐,考生需要分析原句和选项句5个句子才能评判出答案。所以在这个题型解答中考生如果可以掌握一些技巧必定能减轻不少负担。这类题型的答题技巧其实正是来自于上述方法:逻辑解题法。逻辑解题依据的是句子的改写不会改变句子逻辑这个原理。考生可以结合并列逻辑和托福阅读句子简化题来查看具体示例。
托福考试是什么
“托福考试是出国留学申请中衡量语言能力的重要考试。
托福®考试是一个由ETS测评研发的学术英语语言测试 ,托福®考试通过考察听、说、读、写这4个技能方面以体现参与者在学术语言任务环境下的真实学术语言能力,并可用于本科及研究生阶段的院校申请。
托福是“对非英语国家留学生的英语考试”(Test of English as a Foreign Language)英文缩写(TOEFL)的音译。
托福考试共分为3种,托福网考(TOEFL Internet-based Test)、家庭版托福iBT考试 [32] (TOEFL iBT Home Edition)、托福纸笔考试(TOEFL® Paper-delivered Test)。
其中,家庭版托福考试(TOEFL iBT Home Edition)就是托福 iBT 考试(TOEFL Internet-based Test),其成绩认可度及用途也与考点进行考试相同。
2021年10月12日,参加家庭版托福iBT考试的中国内地考生,需要前往ETS授权的香港考试及评核局(HKEAA)官方网站购买考试兑换券,即可完成考试报名。
家庭版托福考试成绩认可度及用途也与考点进行考试相同,在中国大陆允许托福家考后,其成绩同样适用于国内考研、保研及英语免修等情况,也被院校和企业认可。
什么是托福考试
TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language,作为外语的英语考试——托福)是由美国教育考试服务处Educational Testing Service,ETS)举办的为申请去美国或加拿大等国家上大学或入研究生院学习的非英语国家学生提供的一种英语水平考试。
美国教育考试服务处由1965年开始承办此项考试的管理工作。
TOEFL是出国留学(美国、加拿大)的必备考试之一,美国和加拿大已有超过2,400所大学和学院承认这项考试成绩,并规定了申请者的最低TOEFL录取分数线。
托福考试分为阅读、听力、口语、写作四部分,每部分30分,总分120分。考试时长为3-4个小时,如遇加试,考试时间将被延长。2019年8月1日,ETS对托福进行了改革。
2021年3月27日托福写作考试参考答案与解析
托福写作考试包含两个部分:独立写作和综合写作。在考完口语考试之后就开始写作考试。为大家整理了2021年3月27日托福写作考试参考答案,来看一下吧!
2021年3月27日托福写作考试解析
综合写作:
阅读——英国cottage生产由家庭小作坊模式转变到工厂的3个原因:
1. new technology:新机器的出现,新机械只有工厂能用。
2. property right:法律保护,物质产权。
3. factory can reduce transportation cost 运输费减少降低成本,工厂生产不用那么多运输费。
听力——反对
1. 新机器组装简单,新技术在转变前就已经使用机器,如蒸汽机,不一定只有在工厂才能使用。
2. 加强私有资产保护️其他地方也加强了私有资产保护,如荷兰。权利保护不足以支持建立工厂,其他地方并没有出现转变。
3. 总费用不一定减少。即使减少运输成本️其他成本增加,如建厂成本、雇佣supervisors的成本。
独立写作:
Which one of the following values is the most important to share with a young child(5-10 years old)?
1. being helpful。
2. Being honest。
3. Being well organized。
选择观点:being helpful。
理由一:教小朋友帮助他人,可以让小朋友也能够接受到来自他人的帮助。在其他人遇到困难的时候,小朋友给予援助;别人可以感受到小朋友的善意,建立友谊。同时,他们会发现有了帮助,可以更好的解决难题。当小朋友自己遇到困难时,也更有可能收到来自他帮助过的人的援助。
理由二:教小朋友帮助他人,更有利于培养小朋友的责任感。当小朋友可以自己帮助他人的时候,即使是很微小的事,他们也会感受到:由于自己独立完成了一件事,给其他人带来的方便,或者解决了他人无法解决的“难题”。由此,小朋友会产生满足感和自豪感。这种内心对自己的认可会促使小朋友之后继续努力帮助他人,主动承担责任,解决问题。
理由三:诚实当然是很好的品质。但是,教小朋友无差别的在任何时候都保持诚实,可能会让小朋友在面对危险的时候,无法保护自己。其次,教5-10岁的小朋友组织性比较困难。因为,年纪较小的孩子天性自由,很难理解组织性的含义和好处。
独立写作范文
The age between 5 and 10 is a critical period for children to develop intellectually and emotionally as well as to form life values,which aroused concern for parents as to how to cultivate them to be good members of society. Of course,being ready to help others,honesty and excellent organizing skills are all good qualities,but I would highlight being supportive to others.
Fundamentally,children stand a better chance to achieve the sense of participation and satisfaction. Instilling a sense of helpfulness in children comes by helping them feel part of a family and large community. By assisting parents with some house chores,purchasing goods for a family get-together,or contributing some ideas to family affairs,children will feel their families need help from them. Similarly,in kindergarten or primary school,helping others with class management or shedding some light on fixing a big problem for his peers cannot only allow children to gain a sense of accomplishment but also to confirm his indispensable role in the community.
In addition,a child who prefers to be supportive tends to be welcomed and easy to make friends not only at home but also at school or other occasions. Being supportive also contributes to being sympathetic,which is an increasingly valued quality in today’s society. In fact,children as young as 12 months old can recognize when others are in distress and may try to comfort them. Everyone will experience troubles in real life or at work when they are easily to be depressed and feel hopeless. It is imperative that parents show their children that a comforting word,a helping hand,an understandable hug would be a healing portion for people in need.
Of course,it is undeniable that honesty and a good sense of management are also precious qualities. Children should be made aware that being honest means being trustworthy. However,it is generally accepted that,young children,in essence,are honest deep down and would not tell lies intentionally,so honesty is an innate feature. It is due to bad influence from others that the innocent young children learn to tell lies and become dishonest. Thus,parents need to protect this treasure instead of simply telling kids how important honesty is. As for managerial ability,for children between 5 and 10 years old that can barely look after themselves,it can hardly be developed in a short term.
In conclusion,showing kids how to be helpful is a value that can stay with them as they grow and make them useful and heartwarming adults.
托福写作常见题目
1. 环境类
It is said that the best way to solve the world’s environmental problems is to increase the price of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. 动物类
Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out,although people have noticed this problem for a long time. Why have people failed to improve this situation?What are your suggestions?
3. 教育类
i. Some people believe that educating children altogether will benefit them. Others think intelligent children should be taught separately and given special courses. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
ii. Today,more school leavers are unable to find jobs. Discuss the causes of rising unemployment among young adults and suggest any solutions.
4. 全球化影响
There is a disagreement on the impact of increased business and culture contact between countries on a country’s identity. What is your opinion?
5. 政府投资
People should keep all the money they earn and should not pay taxes to the state. Do you agree or disagree?
6. 文化类
i. It is more important for a building to serve its purposes than to look beautiful. Architects do not need to worry about whether it is a real work of art. Do you agree or disagree?
ii. The international tourism is the biggest industry in the world. To what extent do you think its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages?
7. 生活工作
Some people think that changing jobs periodically is good. What is your opinion?
8. 传媒类
Some people suggest that there should be restrictions on a detailed description of crimes in the newspapers and on television. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
9. 广告类
There are many advertisements directed at children. Parents argue that children are misled,while advertisers consider advertising a source of useful information. What is your opinion?
10. 科技影响
Many employees may work at home with modern technology. Some people claim that it benefits only workers,but not employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2017年托福考试范文:同事品质
2017年托福考试范文:同事品质
工作当中你需要什么样品质的同事,为什么这些品质是重要的?
We all work or will work in our jobs with many different kinds of people. In your opinion,what are some important characteristics of a co-worker (someone you work closely with)? Use reasons and specific examples to explain why these characteristics are important.
托福参考范文之一
We spend more time with our co-workers during a week than we do with our family. Thus,it's important for our co-workers to be people we can get along with. I've worked in a lot of offices,and I've found there are certain characteristics that all good co-workers have in common.
A good co-worker is very cooperative. She does her best to get along with others. She tries to keep her end of things flowing smoothly to help others in the office. She realizes that if one person doesn't get her work done,it can hold up everyone else. She has a positive attitude that creates a pleasant working environment.
A good co-worker is adaptable. She is not stubborn about changes in schedules or routines,and doesn't object to having her job description revised. That can make life miserable for everyone around her. A good co-worker is willing to change her schedule to accommodate another worker's emergency. She has no problem with new procedures and welcomes changes when they come.
A good co-worker is helpful. She pitches in when someone falls behind in his or her work. She's willing to do whatever it takes to get the job done. She doesn't keep track of how often she has to finish another's work or take on extra work. Some co-workers do their own job,period. They have no sense of office community. They only want to do their work,get paid and go home.
A good co-worker is a sympathetic listener,and never uses what she learns against people. She doesn't gossip. A bad co-worker uses negative rumors to take advantage of others. Being a good co-worker isn't too hard,but some people just can't seem to manage it. Wouldn't it be a wonderful world if everyone could?
托福参考范文之二
We all work with many different kinds of people. Different co-workers have different personality. To me,my co-workers should have some important characteristics such as independence,optimism,and teamwork spirit.
I think a good co-worker must have his own opinions. A co-worker should dare to propose his own opinions. He should not say the same as others and hide his opinions. only everyone tries his best to analyze every aspect of a thing,it can be done best. So independence of thinking is important for a co-worker.
An other important characteristic is optimism. If we have some difficult problems,he must be brave and should not fear them. He should encourage others to find methods to solve problems. This point is very important because one's mood can influence others easily. once a co-worker shows a little fear of difficulties,others may become discouraged soon. So a good co-worker should be optimistic.
In addition,teamwork spirit is an important characteristic of a co-worker. Although a co-worker should be independent to analyze a thing,he should be tolerant to the different people and their ways of working. He should be willing to dedicate his energy,time and knowledge to reach the goal of whole team.
Independence,optimism and teamwork spirit are important characteristics of a co-worker. If everyone in a work group has these characteristics,the group can overcome difficulties and reach its goals.
经典托福阅读长难句翻译
对于托福考试来说,长难句是一大难点,很多同学面对托福长难句都是欲哭无泪,那么下面就和的我来看看经典托福阅读长难句翻译。
1. Accordingto conventional theory,yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy andserves the function of increasing alertness by reversing,through deeperbreathing,the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallowbreathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.
【译文】根据传统的理论,当人们无聊或者困倦的时候,打哈欠会出现。打哈欠通过深呼吸来逆转血液中氧含量的降低,从而的起到提高警觉的功能。而血液中氧含量的降低是由浅呼吸导致的,而浅呼吸又伴随着缺觉或无聊。
2. The keyfactor in the success of these countries (along with high literacy,whichcontributed to it) was their ability to adapt to the international division oflabor determined by the early industrializers and to stake out areas ofspecialization in international markets for which they were especially wellsuited.
【译文】这些国家成功的关键因素(促成这个因素的是高识字率)是他们有能力适应由早期的工业化国家决定的劳动力国际分工并占领了他们特别适合的国际市场中的专业化领域。
3. In the second case,pollinators(insects,birds) obtain food from the flowering plant,and the plant has itspollen distributed and seeds dispersed much more efficiently than they would beif they were carried by the wind only.
【译文】在第二个案例中,传粉者(昆虫和鸟)从开花植物中获取食物,而植物也使得它们的花粉和种子相比于只通过风传播的更加高效。
4. In the green-to yellow lightingconditions of the lowest levels of the forest,yellow and green would be thebrightest colors,but when an animal is signaling,these colors would not bevery visible if the animal was sitting in an area with a yellowish or greenishbackground.
【译文】在森林最底层的黄绿管线条件下,黄和率可能是最亮的颜色,但是,当动物在发信号的时候,如果该动物处于黄绿背景下,这些颜色就不太明显了。
5. In a countercurrent exchange system,the blood vesselscarrying cooled blood from the flippers run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warmblood from the body to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels; thus,the heat is transferred from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels before itreaches the flipper itself.
【译文】在逆流交换系统中,来自于脚蹼的携带冷血的血管接近来自身体的携带热血的血管来从较热的血管中获得热量;因此,在达到脚蹼前,热量从向外流的血管中转移到了向内流的血管中。
6. American paleontologists David Raup and John Sepkoski,who have studied extinction rates in a number of fossil groups,suggest thatepisodes of increased extinction have recurred periodically,approximatelyevery 26 million years since the mid-Cretaceous period.
【译文】美国古生物学家D.R.和J.S,他们已经很多化石群的灭绝速率,指出,越来越多的灭绝是周期性重复出现的,从白垩纪中期开始,周期大约是没二百六十万年一次。
7. As amongtribes people,personal relationships and a careful weighing of character havealways been crucial in a mercantile economy with little regulation,where one'sword is one's bond and where informal ties of trust cement together aninternational trade network.
【译文】在部落人中,人际关系和对品德仔细的考量在一个几乎没有规范的重商主义经济中一直都很重要。而在没有规范的重商主义经济中,一个的话语就是一个人的保证,非正式的信任纽带将国际贸易网络年合起来。
8. The explanation is that the Mayaexcavated depressions,or modified natural depressions,and then plugged upleaks in the karst by plastering the bottoms of the depressions in order tocreate reservoirs,which collected rain from large plastered catchment basinsand stored it for use in the dry season.
【译文】解释是,玛雅人挖掘了大坑或者将天然的大坑修改,然后又通过把大坑的底部抹上灰泥把卡斯特地貌上的漏洞堵上,来制造蓄水池,这样,就能从巨大的被灰泥堵住的蓄水池中收集雨水并储存起来在干季时使用。
9. Inequalitiesof gender have also existed in pastoralist societies,but they seem to havebeen softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in mostcommunities,and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skillsof men,including,often,their military skills.
【译文】性别的不平等也存在于畜牧社会中,但是,由于大部分社群中没有出现森严的财富等级,而且需要女性具备大多数男性的技巧,诸如军技巧,性别不平等就被软化了。
10. Ramsay thenstudied a gas that was present in natural gas deposits and discovered that itwas helium,an element whose presence in the Sun had been noted earlier in thespectrum of sunlight but that had notpreviously been known on Earth.
【译文】拉姆齐(Ramsay)研究了一种存在于天然气中的气体,并发现是氦气(helium),该元素早就在太阳里通过太阳光光谱被发现了,但是还从来没有在地球上被发现过。
11. Many complex factors led to the adoption of the neweconomies,not only at Abu Hureyra,but at many other locations such as 'AinGhazal,also in Syria,where goat toe bones showing the telltale marks ofabrasion caused by foot tethering (binding) testify to early herding of domesticstock.
【译文】很多复杂的因素导致了新经济的采用,不仅出现在AbuHureyra,很多其他的地方也有,比如说'AinGhaza,也就是叙利亚,在那里,山羊脚趾的骨头显示有脚被绑住造成的磨损痕迹,这证实了早期的家畜蓄养。