1. can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事
She couldn't hep smiling.
[比较]
(1) can't help but do 不得不……;不能不 When the streets are full of melting snow, you can't help but get your shoes wet.
(2) cannot but 不能不，只能He could not but feel disappointed.
[归纳]
(1) help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once. / By helping them we are helping save ourselves.
(2) help...with sth. 帮助……做某事 In those days he used to help her mother with her gardening.
(3) help oneself / sb. to sth. 给自己 / 别人夹菜 / 拿烟
等;擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetables?
(4) help...in sth. 在……方面帮助某人 She offered to help Rose in the housekeeping when I am not here.
(5) help out 帮忙 (做事;克服困难等) I've often helped Bob out when he's been a bit short of money.
2. 含go的`短语
① go around 到处走/跑.(疾病)流传，(谣言)传开;go after 追求;go ahead 说吧，请吧，做吧;go away 离开，出去
② go back 走网头路，翻悔改变;go bad 变坏;go boating 去划船
③ go fishing 去钓鱼;go for a walk去 散步
④ go hiking 去徒步旅行;go home 回家
⑤ go in for 喜爱，从事于;go into 进入，加入
⑥ go mad 发疯
⑦ go off 离去，去世;go on 继续，进展，依据;go on doing 继续做;go out 出去，发出去，熄灭，不时兴;go over 研究，检查，搜查
⑧ go shopping 去商店;go skating 去滑冰;go straight along 沿着;go swimming 去游泳
⑨ go through 通过，经受，仔细检查;go to bed
⑩ go up 上升
[例句] We'll go through the items one by one. 我们要逐条研究。She has gone back to her old habits. 她又回到了已往的习惯。Come on Sunday by yourself - we can go over the house together. 星期天你要过来.我们一起检查一下房子。His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep. 他的演讲持续很长时间，结果人们开始想睡。That expression has gone out. Nobody Uses it today. 那个短语已经过时了，现在没有人在用它。The young fellow hasn't realized that he has gone wrong. 这个年轻人还没有意识到他已经误入歧途。Tired of going shopping with his wife，Mr. Liu pretended to have something important to do. 厌烦与妻子一起去购物，刘先生假装有重要的事情要做。
1) 构成一般疑问句，例如：
Do you want to pass the CET?你想通过大学英语测试吗?
Did you study German?你们学过德语吗?
2) do + not 构成否定句，例如：
I do not want to be 我不想挨批评。
He doesn't like to 他不想学习。
In the past, many students did not know the importance of 过去，好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
3)构成否定祈使句，例如：
Don't go 不要去那里。
Don't be so 不要这么心不在焉。
说明： 构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。
4) 放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气，例如：
Do come to my birthday 一定来参加我的生日宴会。
I did go 我确实去那儿了。
I do miss 我确实想你。
5) 用于倒装句，例如：
Never did I hear of such a 我从未听说过这样的事情。
only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
说明： 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。
6) 用作代动词，例如：
---- Do you like Beijing?--你喜欢北京吗?
---- Yes, I 是的，喜欢。(do用作代动词，代替like )
He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?
他知道如何开车，对吧?
现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days,
基本结构：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not +
一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首
定语从句
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
whom 指人在从句中作宾语
whose 指人或物在从句中作定语
as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词
2、as 的用法
(1)常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个
the same…that 表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not
例：In China there is no one but knows Lei
二、只用that不用which的情况
1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时
2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.
3、 当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时.
6、 当先行词既指人又指物时。
7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。
9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。
10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。
三、只用which不用that的情况
1、 当介词放在关系代词之前时。
2、 在非限制性定语从句中。
3、 当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。
四、只用who不用that的情况
1、当先行词是one, ones,anyone或those时。
2、there be 结构中。
3、当先行词是人，后面有较长修饰语时。
4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。
5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚语中)。
6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。
7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。
8、先行词是拟人化的名词。
9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。
五、关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when时间状语
注意：It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略，从句用相应的完成时。
2、where 地点状语
注意：当先行词为模糊的地点时，如 Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名词时用
3、why 原因状语 先行词为reason。
六、介词与关系代词
1、介词如何确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定
(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
(3)根据意思来确定
(4)为了强调某一名词，不定式前加上关系词
2、关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词的位置
(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。
(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。
3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有：名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。
七、定语从句中的主谓一致
1、关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
2、“one of+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的动词通常用复数，但当one前有the,the only,the very等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。
八、注意way和time后接定语从句的情况
1、当先行词是way，且意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。
注意：关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，按正常的定语从句分析。
2、当先行词是time时，若time作“次数”讲，应用that引导定语从句，that可省略;若time作“一段时间”讲，应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句。
1) quite 相当;quiet 安静地
2) affect 影响, 假装;effect 结果, 影响
3) adapt 适应;adopt 采用;adept 内行
4) angel 天使;angle 角度
5) dairy 牛奶厂;diary 日记
6) contend 奋斗, 斗争;content 内容, 满足的;context 上下文;contest 竞争, 比赛
7) principal 校长, 主要的;principle 原则
8) implicit 含蓄的;explicit 明白的
9) dessert 甜食;desert 沙漠v 放弃;dissert 写论文
10) pat 轻拍;tap 轻打;slap 掌击;rap 敲，打
cultural relics 文化遗产
Many unearthed cultural relics were exhibited at the
博物馆展出了许多出土文物。By definition the capital is the political and cultural center of a 根据定义,首都是一个国家的政治文化中心。
rare and valuable 珍贵稀有
It is rare to find such a genius
这样的天才现在很少见。
The flaw in this vase makes it less 这个花瓶因为有点缺陷，不那么值钱了。
in search of 寻找，寻求 = in search for
He's sailed the seven seas in search of 他闯荡七大洋去历险.
He went to the south in search for a better 他为了寻找更好的前途到南方去。
in the fancy style 以别致的风格 in … style/ in the style of ……以……风格
These clothes are too fancy for me, I prefer plainer 这些衣服对我来说有些花哨，我还是喜欢素净些的。
popular
She is popular at 她在学校里很受人喜欢。
This dance is popular with young 这种舞很受青年人喜爱。
…a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to 用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。
decorate with 以装饰
be designed for …为……而设计
by design 故意地
My brother designs to be an 我弟弟立志要当工程师。
This room was originally designed to be my 这间屋子原预定做我的书房。
His parents designed him for the army, but he preferred the 他父母打算要他当陆军，但是他却喜欢当海军。
belong to 属于
We belong to the same 我们属于同代人。
in return 作为回报/报答/交换
in turn 依次地，轮流的;转而，反过来
a troop of 一群He is surrounded by a troop of 他被一群朋友围住了。
become part of… 变成……的一部分
It is part of the way we
它是我们行为表现的一部分。
serve as
作为，用作，充当，起作用
The room can serve as a 这间房子可作书房用。
a small reception hall for important visitors 接待重要来宾的小型会客室。
Later，Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
have sth done
请/让别人做某事，使得，蒙受某种损失
We had the machine
我们请人把机器修好了。
In 1770 the room was completed the way she 1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。 ( I was never allowed to do things the way /that/ in which I 我从来不允许按照自己的想法去做事情。)
Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is 可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹之一，可是现在它却消失了。
I am considering going 我正在考虑出国。
I consider it a great 我认为这是极大的荣幸。
We consider that the driver is not to 我们认为这不是司机的过错。
We consider it (to be ) (We consider that it is ) 我们认为这是真实的。
a couple of words missing 缺的两三个字
There is a page 缺少一页。
Police are combing the woods for the missing 警察搜遍树林以寻找失踪的孩子.
be at war 处于战争状态,交战
remove some furture and small art objects 把一些家具和小件艺术品搬走
He removed the mud from his 他去掉鞋上的泥。
This old table is a valuable piece of 这张旧桌子是一件很珍贵的家具。
in less than two days 在不到两天的时间里
There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for… 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上了运往……的火车。
There is no doubt that she will keep her 毫无疑问她会遵守诺言的.
There is no doubt that Taiwan belongs to 这是毫无疑问的,台湾属于中国。
There is no doubt that she is capable of the 她能胜任这个工作,这是毫无疑问的.
After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a 从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。
it remains to be seen 尚待分晓
The fact remains to be 事实尚待证明?
remain in呆在家里 remain out呆在外面, 留在户外
These matters remain in 这些事情仍然值得怀疑
He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his 他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。
Peter became a judge but John remained a 彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。
By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old 通过研究琥珀屋原来的照片，他们建造的新琥珀屋样子和旧的看起来非常像。
One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and 一天，他正在一家二手家具商店查找，突然他在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见一个神奇的东西。
without doubt 无疑地，确实地
He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever
他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的.
the UN peace-keeping force 联合国维和部队
The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and receiving
那位老人看见一些德国人把琥珀屋拆开搬走了。 take apart 拆卸，拆开
Take apart the pieces before putting the toys 玩具拿开前先将它拆成一件件的。
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to 在审讯中，法官必须确定哪些目击者可信哪些不可信。
rather than
胜于，而不是
Tom rather than Jack is to 该受责备的是汤姆，而不是杰克。
I prefer to read rather than sit 我宁愿读书而不愿闲坐着。
We aim at quality rather than 我们的目的是重质不重量。
by the light of the moom 借助于月光
for oneself 亲自，独自地
One should not live for oneself 一个人不应只是为自已活着。
To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed 使我感到惊奇的是矿口被封闭了。…….
I think highly of those who are searching for the Ambe 我认为那些在找寻琥珀屋的人们很了不起。
Nor do I think they should give it to any 我也不认为他们会把它交给任何政府。
do with 处理，忍受，对付
I can't do with his
我忍受不了他那傲慢无礼的态度
What do they do with the coin?
他们是怎样处理这枚硬币的?
take notes of 记录，把……记下来
Please take notes of the important while you 请边读边把重要的事情记下来。
Read the information that is provided for the 阅读一下为参观者提供的信息。
They provide us with 他们供给我们食物。
We provided food for the hungry 我们为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。
It's wise to save some money and provide for the "积蓄点钱,为将来使用作些准备是明智的。"
He has a wife and seven children to provide 他需要赡养妻子和七个孩子。
It will not only give you a chance of practising your English but also of developing an interest in local history at the same 它不仅给你了练习英语的机会而且在同时也给你了培养对当地历史感兴趣的机会。
for fun 为了消遣，为了开心
He plays violin just for
他拉小提琴只是为了自娱自乐。
名词有单数和复数两种形式
1、名词的单数：表示一个人或一个事物
2、名词的复数：表示一个人以上的人或事物
名词复数的变化规律如下：
1、多数情况下在名词后面加S，s 在清辅音后读【S】
2、以s,x,sh,ch为结尾的词在词尾加es, es读作【iz】
3、以f ,fe为结尾的词去掉f或fe加ves，ves读作【vz】
4、以辅音加y 结尾的词，变y为ies
5、以元音加y结尾的词，直接加s
6、不规则变化
Man-menwoman-women policeman-policemen
Policewoman-policewomen这种情况下a变成e
1、单复数同形
Chinese-chinese Japanese-japanese sheep -sheep deer -deer
2、 This 这个these这些(复数) that那个 those那些(复数) I我 we我们(复数) he他 she她 it它 they他、它、她们(复数) am ，is是 are(复数)
—They should learn to take as well as share rights in
grown-up; responsibility growns-up; responsibility
grown-ups; responsibilities growns-ups; responsibilities
错因分析：有些考生以为grown是复合名词的中心词，其复数形式应该在grown后面加-s;另一方面认为responsibility是不可数名词，没有复数形式，从而错选其实，grown-up没有中心名词，其复数形式应该在up后面加-s;同时根据语境可知，responsibility指义务，该单词作“义务，职责”讲时，可作可数名词或不可数名词，故正确答案选
复合名词的复数形式一般在中心名词后面加-s，如：looker-on → lookers-on， son-in-law → sons-in-law;但是当复合名词没有中心名词时，其复数形式是在最后的词后面加-s，如：grown-up → grown-ups; go-between →
意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。
Some are singing and dancing under a big Some are drawing by the
有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。
意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。
Your son will be all right by supper
你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。
How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term?
到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲?
表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。
The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and
猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。
The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway
孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。
表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。
One by one they went past the table in the
他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。
表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。
What time is it by your watch?
你的表几点了?
和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。
I took him by the
我拉住了他的手。
用于被动句中，表示行为主体,常译作“被”、“由”等。
English is spoken by many
英语被许多人说。(即“许多人讲英语。”)
引言 introduction
正文 body
结束语 conclusion
引言 introduction
When you are waiting in front of a theatre or at the train terminals, you will realize how important punctuality Punctuality is really a virtue, especially in a busy city like Perhaps if everybody were punctual, there would be less suffering and
正文 body
Punctuality is the main constituent of good A person, who is always in time for his appointment, shows real consideration for On the other hand, a person who is always late shows his selfishness and thoughtlessness and he is not worthy to be friend
constituent 构成
selfishness 自私
Some people often say that they cannot always be punctual since traffic is so heavy these I think traffic congestion cannot be an excuse for being As everybody knows that we might meet an unexpected congestion on the roads, we should leave a bit earlier for the appointment to ensure that we would not be
traffic congestion 交通堵塞
Some people always have a lot of excuses for coming When they finally arrive, they keep on saying sorry to their friends and then The excuse is not always traffic congestion, sometimes they complain that they have met a friend on the road or have helped a blind man to cross the Some also like to blame their watches, the clocks at home or in the To such people, we cannot help but say sorry that we have come too
keep on doing 一直做某事
Yet after all such smart fellows will soon find that gradually their friends become fewer and Perhaps at that time, they would realize how important punctuality
结束语 conclusion
To be or not to be punctual is a So when we are young, we should try to be punctual every time and never be late for it is much more easily acquired in youth than when we are
The person I shall never forget
The person I shall never forget is She is the best friend in my
She often listens to me when my mood is Moreover, she usually gives me some advices if I need Sometimes, she lends money to me if I want to buy some new
I will never forget her help even though I already left Wuhan I think that she will be one of the most important person during my I hope that the friendship of us will keep
修改后
I will never forget her help even though I have already left Wuhan I think that she will be one of the most important persons in my I hope that the friendship of us will keep
修改后
She often listens to me when I'm in a bad Moreover, she usually gives me some advices if I need Sometimes, she lends money to me if I want to buy some new
Why We Learn English
English is an international language Everyone needs to know
When we will visit a great number of different places in the word, we need to talk about local person with We are interesting in books, otherwise nowadays many of the valuable books are written in English or translated into We in order to go through ones, so we should have a good command of
We should try our best to learn the English language
修改后
When we visit a great number of different places in the world, we need to talk about a local person in Nowadays many of the valuable books are written in English or translated into English, so if we are interested in books, we should have a good command of
修改后
We should try our best to learn English
专升本英语作文考试中，语法一定要简明扼要，而且要正确。
一、小学英语形容词性物主代词
1、 形容词性物主代词8个：
My your his her its our your their
我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他(她、它)们的
2、 形容词性物主代词的特点：
1)译成汉语都有"的" eg:my 我的 their 他们的
2)后面加名词： eg:my backpack his name
3)前后不用冠词 a an the
This is a my eraser(错误) That is your a pen(错误) It's his the pe
n(错误)
3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our
注：在变物主代词时，把原题所给的词加上的，再译成单词就可以了。
二、小学英语名词性物主代词
1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个：
Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他(她、它)们的
2、名词性物主代词的特点：
1)译成汉语都有"的" 2)后面不加名词 3)名词性物主代词=形容词性
物主代词+名词
Eg:1、thepen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen)
三、小学英语单数的句子变成复数的句子
把单数的句子成复数的句子：
变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数，但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问
词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。
Eg:把下列句子变成复数
1, I have a car ----we have cars
2, He is an American ----They are American boys
3, It is a car ----They are cars
4, This is an eraser ----These are erasers
5, That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks
6,I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers
7,It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts
8,He's a boy ----They are boys
9,She's a singer ------They are singers
10,What's this in English?---- What are these in English?
四、小学英语名词的数语法
名词有单数和复数两种形式
1、名词的单数：表示一个人或一个事物
2、名词的复数：表示一个人以上的人或事物
名词复数的变化规律如下：
1、多数情况下在名词后面加S，s 在清辅音后读【S】
2、以s,x,sh,ch为结尾的词在词尾加es, es读作【iz】
3、以f,fe为结尾的词去掉f或fe加ves，ves读作【vz】
4、以辅音加y结尾的词，变y 为ies
5、以元音加y结尾的词，直接加s
6、不规则变化
a变成e
Man-men
woman-women
policeman-policemen
Policewoman-policewomen
单复数同形
Chinese-chinese
Japanese-japanese
sheep -sheep
deer -deer
不规则变化
This 这个these这些(复数)
that那个 those那些(复数)
I我 we我们(复数)
he他 she她 it它 they他、它、她们(复数)
am ，is是 are(复数)
五、小学英语人称代词主格及宾格
人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格和宾格区别：
主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。
Eg: I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我"
主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格，不放在句首。
Eg :I have a new ( I 主格) Excuse me (me 宾格) I ask him to
go (him 宾格) They sit in front of me(me 宾格)
主格(8个)：I 我you你 he他 she她 it它 we 我们you 你们they他(她、它)们
宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him 他her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们
六、小学英语名词所有格语法
1、 变法：在人名后面加's
记住：'s要译成"的"eg:Lucy(名词所有格)Lucy's
2、 如果是2个或2个以上人的名词所有格要在最后一个人名加's
Eg:Lily and Lucy (名词所有格)Lily and Lucy'S
Lily Lucy and Julia (名词所有格) Lily Lucy and Julia's
3、 以s结尾的名词复数所有格在后面加'，eg:students'
七、小学英语就划线部分提问练习题
就划线部分提问的变法：
1、 先根据划线部分找到特殊疑问词。
2、 再把没划线的部分变成一般疑问句的语序。
3、 特殊疑问词通常有：what/ where/ who /whosc/ how/how old/
what colour/ what class /whatgrade/what row/what school
八、小学英语一般疑问句
1、一般疑问句最基本的变法：be 提前 用问号 读升调
2、my变成your our变成your I am / We are 变Are you I can 变Ca
n you
3、注意人名不论放在什么位置都要大写 Tom is a student。Is To
m a student?
4、一般疑问句翻译成汉语都有"吗"?
1)This is my English Is this your Englishteather?
2)It is our Is it your school?
3)We are Are you students?
4)I can Can you sing?
九、小学英语动词的用法
动词的用法
1、到目前为止，我们学过的be动词包括三个词 am ,is, are 这三
个词的汉语意思相同，都是"是"的意思，但怎么运用好这三个词
呢?请记住下列口决：
2、我是am( eg:I am a ) 你是 are (eg:You are a ) Is 用在他、她、它( eg:He is a Chinese boy,She is an English teather,It is a 见到复数就用)
3、记住：am,is 的复数是;these 这些 ;those 那些(这两个词都表示复数)
十、英语简缩形式的变法语法
简缩形式的变法
1、简缩形式的变法：把倒数第二个字母，通常是元音字母变成'
但are除外，are要把a打成' 。Eg:he is=he'sthey are=they're
2、简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。
3、把完全形式变成简缩形式时，一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。Eg:What is =What's
4、记住一个特殊变化;let's =let us 让我们(不要把' 变成i)
5、记住：this is 没有简缩形式this's(错误)
—What do you think the should do first?
—They should learn to take as well as share rights in
grown-up; responsibility growns-up; responsibility
grown-ups; responsibilities growns-ups; responsibilities
错因分析：有些学生以为grown是复合名词的中心词，其复数形式应该在grown后面加-s;另一方面认为responsibility是不可数名词，没有复数形式，从而错选其实，grown-up没有中心名词，其复数形式应该在up后面加-s;同时根据语境可知，responsibility指义务，该单词作“义务，职责”讲时，可作可数名词或不可数名词，故正确答案选
复合名词的复数形式一般在中心名词后面加-s，如：looker-on → lookers-on， son-in-law → sons-in-law;但是当复合名词没有中心名词时，其复数形式是在最后的词后面加-s，如：grown-up → grown-ups; go-betwe
—Look! This is .
—Very When did she take it?
my mother‘s my mother in the picture
a picture of my a picture of my mother‘s
错因分析：考生可能受汉语思维的影响，错选A或B;也可能受英语双重所有格的影响，错选根据语境可知，正确答案选
my mother‘s picture，意为“我妈妈所拥有的照片”，暗含“照片上不一定是我妈妈”; a picture of my mother‘s意为“我妈妈所拥有的照片中的一张”，同样，暗含“照片上不一定是我妈妈”; a picture of my mother意为“我妈妈的照片(照片中是妈妈)”;my mother in the picture意为“照片中我的妈妈”，暗含“不是真实的妈妈”。
en →
A New Year greeting to cheer you, my good
希望新年祝福给你带来欢乐，我的好朋友。
Take your passion and make it come
发挥你的热情，让理想变为现实。
Best of luck in the year to
愿你在未来的一年里，吉星高照。
All the best wishes for
献上最美好的祝愿。
Best wishes for the holidays and the coming
新的一年，向你献上最诚挚的祝福。
Wishing you all the blessings of a beautiful
愿你拥有美丽的新年所有的祝福。
May its blessings lead into a wonderful year for you and all whom you hold
祝福你及你所爱的人新的一年中万事如意。
To wish you special joy at the holidays and all
祝你在节日和新的一年中享有无限的快乐。
can(能，会)， may(可以，可能，也许)， must(必须，一定，应该) have to(必须，不得不)
肯定句结构：
主语+can/may/must+动词原形+其它，例如：
I must go
否定句结构：
在can/may/must后加not，例如：
You mustn’t talk aloud in the
一般疑问句结构：
把can/may/must提在主语前，例如：
Must you go now?(Yes， I No， I needn’)
May I open the window?(Yes， you No， you needn’)
十一. had better用法
had better+动词原形表示“最好做……”，变否定句时在had better后加not。例如：
You had better catch a
You’d better not catch a (You had= You’d )
十二. 特殊疑问句的变换
对划线部分提问时，将划线部分去掉，剩下部分变一般疑问句语序。(对主语提问例外)例如：
My name is What’s your name?
The river is 500 Hong long is the river?
把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单：变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数，但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。
Eg:把下列句子变成复数
1, I have a car ----we have cars
2, He is an American ----They are American boys
3, It is a car ----They are cars
4,This is an eraser ----These are erasers
5,That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks
6,I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers
7,It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts
8,He's a boy ----They are boys
9,She's a singer ------They are singers
10,What'sthis in English?---- What are these in English?
一周两次 twice a week
两倍那么多:twice as many as ,twice bigger than ,twice the size/length/width of
一、两天 a day or two ,one or two days
再两周时间 anther two weeks ,two more weeks
many a student has a book
总而言之 in a word
有能力做某事情 be able to do ,be capable of doing
怎么样 what about doing…/how about doing
当…即将要做某事情 be about to do sth…when…
尤其是,最重要的是 above all
缺席,不在 be absent from
全神贯注于某事情 be absorbed in doing
主观接受:accept 客观接受(接受有形,有实物的东西) receive
有权利做某事情 have access to
意外的 by accident=by chance
交通事故 the traffic accident
根据 according to
考虑 take into account
因为,由于 on account of=because of 后面跟名词,不跟句子
指责某人某事情 accuse sb of sth
指控某人某事情 charge sb with sth
钦佩某人某事情admire sb for sth
责备某人某事情 scold sb for sth ,blame sb for sth , sb be to blame for sth
be used to do 被用来做某事情
used to do 过去常常做某事情
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事情
达到目标 achieve the goal
across 穿过,和on 有关,指从上面,上方穿过, through 穿过和in有关,从里面,内部穿过
walk across the street/bridge , walk through the forests
担当,充当 act as , 执行 act on
采取行动 take action /take measures to do sth
在某方面积极 be active in… 积极参加 take an active part in=join in
adapt… to…适应, adopt sth/sb 领养某人,采纳某事情
总计达 add up to=in all=come to , 增加,增添美景/难度add to the beauty/difficulty
把…加到…上add…to…
除了…以外(还有…) in addition to=apart from=besides (看见also,else,other 选besides)
足够的,适当的 adequate
承认做某事情 admit doing sth , 否认做某事情 deny doing sth
允许入内,被录取进入学校 be admitted into/to school
预先,提前 in advance , ahead of time
利用 take advantage of , make use of, by means of
advice, news , information 为不可数名词
给某人忠告 give sb advice on sth , 听取某人的忠告 take one`s advice
affect 动词,影响 effect 名词,影响 对…有重大影响have a big effect on …
afford 动词,买得起,常跟在can,could,be able to后面
有足够的金钱做某事情 can afford sth/to do sth
be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事情 ; be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事情
after all 毕竟,终究
in the morning ; on Sunday mornings
以某人的年龄来说 for one`s age
答应做某事情agree to do sth , 同意某人的观点agree with sb/what sb said
(气候,食物)的适合agree with the climate 对…意见一致agree on sth
alive 形容词,活着的,做表语,sb be alive 某人是活着的, a man alive 活着的人
catch sb alive 活捉某人
living 形容词,活着的,做定语,the living people 活着的人,
live 形容词,现场的 broadcast live 现场直播
lively 形容的,充满活力的,灵敏的
for all 尽管 , first of all 首先, above all 尤其重要的是, in all 总共, after all 毕竟,终究
all over the world 世界各地区, not …at all 一点也不
允许某人做某事情 allow/permit doing sth , allow/permit sb doing sth ,
sb be allowed/permitted to do sth
几乎不almost not=not nearly=hardly=scarcely
The man lives alone , but he doesn`t feel
和…相处很好,进展很好 get along/on well with sb/sth
颂读课文read aloud the text , 说出声音来 speak aloud
吵闹的,喧哗的loudly
除…以外别无选择have no choice but to do sth
老是做某事情be always doing sth
对…惊讶 be amazed at , be surprised at, be astonished at
对…满意 be pleased with , be happy with , be satisfied with
对…愤怒 be angry about/at sth, be angry with sb for sth
对…严厉 be strict with sb in sth , be hard on sb
对…担心 be worried about , be anxious about
对…感到惭愧 be shamed of sth, be shy of sth
渴望做某事情 be eager to do sth , be anxious to do sth
渴望得到某物 long for sth , hope for sth , be dying for sth , be anxious for sth
修饰不可数名词: a large amount of , a great deal of , a large sum of , a little , little
修饰可数名词: a great number of , few , a few , several
两者皆可修饰:a lot of , lots of , plenty of ,the number of (…的数量)
每年的,年刊annual
一个接一个one after another
接电话answer the call , 回信 answer the letter/reply to the letter/write to sb
对…负责answer for =be responsible for
任何的一家书店 any bookstore
anyway 无论怎么样 anyhow 不管怎么说
为某事情向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth
吸引appeal to sb = attract sb =sth catch one`s eye
appear to do sth , appear to be doing sth , appear to have done sth
It seems/seemed that… There seems/seemed to be…
从外表判断judge from /by one’s appearance
向某人申请… apply to sb for sth , 把…应用于/涂在…上apply…to…
欣赏/感激做某事情appreciate doing sth , 如果…我会不胜感激 I would appreciate it if…
和某人就某事情争吵 argue with sb about sth
look around 环顾, show sb around 带领某人参观
安排某人做某事情 arrange for sb to do sth
arrive at +小地点(airport) , arrive in +大地点(Shanghai), arrive home, arrive late
一件工艺品a work of art
假花artificial flower , 假牙false teeth
as he is a teacher =teacher as he is, as he is young=young as he is (as解释为虽然=though)
as he grows up 随着年龄的长大 , as we all know 众所周知
as+形容词+as 和…一样 ,not so+形容词+as 和…不一样
as far as I know 就我所知 ,as long as 只要
as well as 也
ask after sb 问候某人 , ask for sb 请求某人 , ask for help 请求帮忙
fall asleep 入睡 , go to bed 上床睡觉 , go to sleep 入眠 , feel sleepy 感觉瞌睡的
把…和…联想在一起be associated with sth
我向你保证…I assure you that … , assure sb of sth 向某人保证…
心脏病heart attack
企图做某事情 make an attempt to do sth
出席典礼attend the ceremony ,上学attend school
注意… pay attention to sth/doing sth
a large/small audience 一大/小批听/观众 , 500个观众 an audience of five hundred
可取得的,可采用的sth is available to sb
average 平均的:on average normal 正常的,通常指精神,体温正常:normal temperature
ordinary 普通的,指地位普通 ordinary people , ordinary medicine
usual 惯例的,通常的 as usual, the usual time ,at the usual place
regular有规律的 regular customer
common普遍的,大家所共同拥有的 common sense , common illness
试图避免做某事情try to avoid doing sth
意识到be aware of = realize
award 动词:授予,给予报酬, 名词:奖品 award sb sth=award sth to sb
reward 报答,奖赏 reward sb with sth for sth
凡是指婴儿和电话用语中都用it
回顾历史look back into history
对…是有害的 be bad for…/be harmful to…/do harm to
非常需要… need/want/require sth badly
保持生态平衡keep the balance of nature
禁止某人做某事情 ban sb from doing sth=forbid sb to do sth
以…为基础base…on, 忙于做某事情 be busy in doing sth , 被…覆盖be covered with
在海滩上on the beach , 在农场里in the farm , 在操场at the playground
在田野里in the fields ,
不能忍受某人做某事情can`t bear/stand doing sth ,
不能理解某事情can`t understand doing sth
牢记…bear/keep sth in mind 动动脑筋use one`s brains
beat sb by 3:1以3:1击败某人, the heart beat 心脏跳动 , beat times打拍子
not…but… 不是…而是… not because…but because不是因为…而是因为…
还要很长时间…It will be a long time before +句子(用一般现在时)
不久就…It won`t be a long time before+句子(用一般现在时)
自从…以来…It is/has been 5 years since+句子(用过去时)
由…开始begin with , 在…一开始at the beginning of
behaviour 行为,举止 , habit 个人习惯 , manners 礼貌 , customs 风俗习惯
1) 构成一般疑问句，例如：
Do you want to pass the CET?你想通过大学英语测试吗?
Did you study German?你们学过德语吗?
2) do + not 构成否定句，例如：
I do not want to be 我不想挨批评。
He doesn't like to 他不想学习。
In the past, many students did not know the importance of 过去，好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
3)构成否定祈使句，例如：
Don't go 不要去那里。
Don't be so 不要这么心不在焉。
说明： 构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。
4) 放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气，例如：
Do come to my birthday 一定来参加我的生日宴会。
I did go 我确实去那儿了。
I do miss 我确实想你。
5) 用于倒装句，例如：
Never did I hear of such a 我从未听说过这样的事情。
only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
说明： 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。
6) 用作代动词，例如：
---- Do you like Beijing?--你喜欢北京吗?
---- Yes, I 是的，喜欢。(do用作代动词，代替like )
He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?
他知道如何开车，对吧?
cultural relics 文化遗产
Many unearthed cultural relics were exhibited at the
博物馆展出了许多出土文物。By definition the capital is the political and cultural center of a 根据定义,首都是一个国家的政治文化中心。
rare and valuable 珍贵稀有
It is rare to find such a genius
这样的天才现在很少见。
The flaw in this vase makes it less 这个花瓶因为有点缺陷，不那么值钱了。
in search of 寻找，寻求 = in search for
He's sailed the seven seas in search of 他闯荡七大洋去历险.
He went to the south in search for a better 他为了寻找更好的前途到南方去。
in the fancy style 以别致的风格 in … style/ in the style of ……以……风格
These clothes are too fancy for me, I prefer plainer 这些衣服对我来说有些花哨，我还是喜欢素净些的。
popular
She is popular at 她在学校里很受人喜欢。
This dance is popular with young 这种舞很受青年人喜爱。
…a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to 用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。
decorate with 以装饰
be designed for …为……而设计
by design 故意地
My brother designs to be an 我弟弟立志要当工程师。
This room was originally designed to be my 这间屋子原预定做我的书房。
His parents designed him for the army, but he preferred the 他父母打算要他当陆军，但是他却喜欢当海军。
belong to 属于
We belong to the same 我们属于同代人。
in return 作为回报/报答/交换
in turn 依次地，轮流的;转而，反过来
a troop of 一群He is surrounded by a troop of 他被一群朋友围住了。
become part of… 变成……的一部分
It is part of the way we
它是我们行为表现的一部分。
serve as
作为，用作，充当，起作用
The room can serve as a 这间房子可作书房用。
a small reception hall for important visitors 接待重要来宾的小型会客室。
Later，Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
have sth done
请/让别人做某事，使得，蒙受某种损失
We had the machine
我们请人把机器修好了。
In 1770 the room was completed the way she 1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。 ( I was never allowed to do things the way /that/ in which I 我从来不允许按照自己的想法去做事情。)
Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is 可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹之一，可是现在它却消失了。
I am considering going 我正在考虑出国。
I consider it a great 我认为这是极大的荣幸。
We consider that the driver is not to 我们认为这不是司机的过错。
We consider it (to be ) (We consider that it is ) 我们认为这是真实的。
a couple of words missing 缺的两三个字
There is a page 缺少一页。
Police are combing the woods for the missing 警察搜遍树林以寻找失踪的孩子.
be at war 处于战争状态,交战
remove some furture and small art objects 把一些家具和小件艺术品搬走
He removed the mud from his 他去掉鞋上的泥。
This old table is a valuable piece of 这张旧桌子是一件很珍贵的家具。
in less than two days 在不到两天的时间里
There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for… 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上了运往……的火车。
There is no doubt that she will keep her 毫无疑问她会遵守诺言的.
There is no doubt that Taiwan belongs to 这是毫无疑问的,台湾属于中国。
There is no doubt that she is capable of the 她能胜任这个工作,这是毫无疑问的.
After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a 从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。
it remains to be seen 尚待分晓
The fact remains to be 事实尚待证明?
remain in呆在家里 remain out呆在外面, 留在户外
These matters remain in 这些事情仍然值得怀疑
He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his 他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。
Peter became a judge but John remained a 彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。
By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old 通过研究琥珀屋原来的照片，他们建造的新琥珀屋样子和旧的看起来非常像。
One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and 一天，他正在一家二手家具商店查找，突然他在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见一个神奇的东西。
without doubt 无疑地，确实地
He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever
他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的.
the UN peace-keeping force 联合国维和部队
The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and receiving
那位老人看见一些德国人把琥珀屋拆开搬走了。 take apart 拆卸，拆开
Take apart the pieces before putting the toys 玩具拿开前先将它拆成一件件的。
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to 在审讯中，法官必须确定哪些目击者可信哪些不可信。
rather than
胜于，而不是
Tom rather than Jack is to 该受责备的是汤姆，而不是杰克。
I prefer to read rather than sit 我宁愿读书而不愿闲坐着。
We aim at quality rather than 我们的目的是重质不重量。
by the light of the moom 借助于月光
for oneself 亲自，独自地
One should not live for oneself 一个人不应只是为自已活着。
To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed 使我感到惊奇的是矿口被封闭了。…….
I think highly of those who are searching for the Ambe 我认为那些在找寻琥珀屋的人们很了不起。
Nor do I think they should give it to any 我也不认为他们会把它交给任何政府。
do with 处理，忍受，对付
I can't do with his
我忍受不了他那傲慢无礼的态度
What do they do with the coin?
他们是怎样处理这枚硬币的?
take notes of 记录，把……记下来
Please take notes of the important while you 请边读边把重要的事情记下来。
Read the information that is provided for the 阅读一下为参观者提供的信息。
They provide us with 他们供给我们食物。
We provided food for the hungry 我们为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。
It's wise to save some money and provide for the "积蓄点钱,为将来使用作些准备是明智的。"
He has a wife and seven children to provide 他需要赡养妻子和七个孩子。
It will not only give you a chance of practising your English but also of developing an interest in local history at the same 它不仅给你了练习英语的机会而且在同时也给你了培养对当地历史感兴趣的机会。
for fun 为了消遣，为了开心
He plays violin just for
他拉小提琴只是为了自娱自乐。
从属连词的用法
用来连接主句和从句的连词叫从属连词。从属连词分为两大类，即引导状语从句的从属连词和引导名词性从句的从属连词。
(一) 引导状语从句的从属连词
1、引导时间状语从句的从属连词
此类连词主要有：when, while, after, before, as, as soon as , now(that), until, till, once, since, whenever, no , ，every time, each time, next time, the last time, the moment等。
When I got to the theatre, I found that they had sold all the 当到达剧院时，我发现票已售完。
We should strike while the iron is
我们要趁热打铁。
Since he entered the university, he has made great progress in his
进入大学以来，他在学业上已经取得了很大进步。
They kept on working until it became
他们一直工作到天黑。
once you begin , you must go
你一旦开始，就必须继续下去。
You seem to have a ready-made answer, whenever I ask you a
每逢我问你问题, 你总好象有现成的答案。
Now (that) you are here, you'd better
你既然来了，那就不要走了。
No sooner had they got to the field than it began to
他们刚到田里就开始下雨了。
Hardly had he set foot on his native land when he felt
他一踏上祖国的土地就感到心情舒畅。
She felt a thrill the moment she got into the
她一进剧场就感到一种激动。
Every time he got to Beijing, he came to see
每次他来北京，他都来看我。
注意：no sooner, hardly等位于句首时需用倒装语序。
2．引导原因状语从句的从属连词
此类连词主要有because, as, since, now(that)，等。because引导的从句表示产生某种结果的必然的因果关系，语气较重，可回答why问句；since语气较轻，常位于句首；as则语气最轻。
We couldn't cross the river because the water had
水已经上涨了，所以我们没能过河。
Since everyone is here ,let's begin .
既然大家都来了，我们就开始吧。
I must stop writing now, as I have rather a lot of work to
我必须停笔了，因为我还有许多工作要做。
Now that you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of
既然你有了这个机会，你可以充分的利用它了。
Why use wood when you can use plastic?
既然能用塑料, 为什么还要用木料?
3．引导让步状语从句的从属连词
此类连词主要有although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter what等。
Though my father is old,yet he wants to do something for our
我爸虽然老了，可他还要为国家做点事。
Even if there are difficulties， we must do it
即使有困难，我们也要把工作做好。
Young as I am,I know some of the family
尽管我年龄小，我知道一些家庭秘密。
Nobody believed him no matter what he
不管他说什么每人相信他。
4．引导条件状语从句的从属连词
此类连词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, supposing等。
If we go on polluting the world ,it won't be fit for to live
如果我们继续污染这个世界，那么这个世界就会不适合我们生活了。
You will fail unless you work
除非努力你才不会失败。
You can go out as/so long as you promise to be back
只要你保证很快回来，你就可以出去。
What shall we do supposing he won't agree?
假定他不同意，我们怎么办？
The WTO cannot live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind．如果世贸组织不能容纳占世界人口五分之一的国家，那它就名不符实。
5．表示行为方式的从属连词
表示行为方式的从属连词主要有as，as if/though等。
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were
当把铅笔一部分放到水里时，铅笔看上去就像断了。
We did as he told
我们照他叮嘱的做了。
He spoke as though he knew the question very
他说得好像对这个问题知道得很清楚。
注意：以as if引导的状语从句，其谓语动词常用虚拟语气。与现在相反的情况用过去时，与过去相反的情况用过去完成时。
I remember the whole thing as if it happened
整个事情我都记得,就好像此事发生在昨天。
6．表示目的的从属连词
表示目的的从属连词主要有that, so that，in order that等。
I hurried so that I wouldn't be late for
为了上课不迟到我们赶紧走。
John saved his money in order that he might buy a
约翰为了买一辆自行车而把钱节省下来。
Bring it nearer that I may see it
把它拿近一些, 以便使我看得比较清楚。
7．表示结果的从属连词
表示结果的从属连词，主要有that，，so that，等。
They were so pleased to see each other that they forgot everything
他们彼此见到面，高兴得把别的事情都忘记了。
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the
天气非常寒冷， 以至于街上没有任何人。
So cold is it that all the water pipes have
天太冷，所有的水管都冻住了。
表示比较的从属连词
表示比较的从属连词主要有than，as等
I think Chinese is more popular than any other
我想汉语比其他任何科目都更受欢迎。
Do you think that art is as interesting as music?
你认为美术与音乐一样有趣吗?
表示地点的从属连词
表示地点的从属连词主要有where，wherever等。
Leave her where she 把她留在原地。
You can take it with you wherever you 你不论去哪里，都可随身携带它。
引导名词性从名的从属连词
引导名词性从句的词多是连接代词和连接副词，从属边词主要有that，whether, if。
1．由从属连词that，whether，if引导
这类连词引导名词性从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不担任任何成分。
We all know that the earth moves around the
众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
I want to know whether/if he will come back
我想知道他是否能很快回来。
2．由连接代词引导
连接代词除了可以起连接作用外，还可以在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。连接代词主要有who，whom，whose，which，what, whatever, whoever, whomever等。
Do what he or she tells you to
按照他/她所告诉你的去做。
Can you tell me who that gentleman is?
你能告诉我那位先生是谁么？
Whoever comes will be
无论谁来都会受到欢迎。
3．由连接副词引导
连接副词除了起连接作用外，还在从句中作状语。连接副词主要有when，where，how，why等。
I remember when this used to be a quiet
我记得那时候这是一个安静的村庄。
Would you please tell me how I can get to the airport?
请告诉我怎样去机场？
I don't know where we are going to have this
我不知道我们到什么地方去开这次会议。
Do you know why he was late?
你知道他为什么迟到吗?
一词多义的从属连词
1、when
（1）表示时间，意思是“当的时候”。
The fire was put out when they
他们来到的时候，大火已经被扑灭了。
（2）表示条件，意思是“如果，要是”。
When the weather is good，I usually go to the
如果天气好的话，我通常到乡下去。
（3）表示原因，意思是“既然”。
I can't tell you when you won't
既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。
（4）表示让步，意思是“虽然，然而，可是”。
He walks when he might
他虽然可以坐车，可是他还是步行了。
We have only three chairs when we need
我们需要五把椅子，可是我们只有三把。
2、while
（l）表示时间，意思是“当的时候”，“和同时”。
We waited while he
他吃饭时，我们等着。
（2）表示让步，意思是“虽然，尽管”。
While he is respected，he is not
他虽受人尊敬，但并不被人喜爱。
（3）表示对比，意思是“而，然而”。
She is very diligent，while he is very
她很勤奋，而他却很懒。
3、as
（1）表示时间，意思是“当的时候，随着”。
I met John as I was coming home。
我回家途中遇到约翰。
（2）表示原因，意思是“由于，因为”。例如:
As he was not well，I decided to go without
因为他身体不好，我决定独自去了。
（3）表示比较，意思是“像一样”。
I’m as tall as you(are).
我和你—样高。
（4）表示方式，意思是“按照，如同”。
Do as I
我怎么干，你就怎么干。
（5）表示让步。意思是“虽然，尽管”。
注意，as引导状语从句表示让步时，一定要用倒装语序。
Sick as he was，he came to
他虽然有病，还是来上班了。
Child as he is，he knows a
尽管他是个孩子，懂的却很多。
4、if
（1）表示条件或假设，意思是“如果，假如”。
We’ll stay at home if it rains
如果明天下雨，我们就呆在家里。
（2）表示让步，意思是“虽然，即使”。
I will go if I die for
即使是死我也要去。
If I am wrong，you come wrong,
即使我错了，你也是错。
（3）表示时间，意思是“无论何时，当”，相当于whenever。
If I don’t understand what he says,I always ask
我不懂他说的话时，我总问他。
If winter comes，can spring be far behind?
冬天来了，春天还会远吗?
（4）表示原因，意思是“既然”。
If you don’t like the job，why don't you change it?
既然你不喜欢这个工作，为什么不换换呢?
（5）用来引出一个表达愿望的感叹句，表达一个愿望
If they had only come earlier!
如果他们早来一步该多好啊!
If I haven't lost my watch!
我的表要是不丢该多好!
If I only knew!
要是我知道该多好。
5、as long as,so long as
（1）表示时间，意思是“达之久”。
You can keep the book as long as you like。
这本书你爱看多久就看多久。
During the holidays，I like to stay in the countryside as long as I
假日里，我喜欢呆在乡下，能果多久就呆多久。
（2）表示条件，意思是“只要”。例如:
As long as you tell the truth，I’ll try to help
只要你告诉我实情，我会尽力帮助你。
（3）表示原因，意思是“既然，由于，因为”。例如:
So long as the weather is changeable these days,we’d better get in wheat in
由于这几天气候变化无常，我们最好及时把麦收割完。
6、since
（1）表示时间，意思是“自从以来”。
I haven’t heard from him since he 自从他离开后，我就没有得到他的消息。
It is ten years since he joined the 他参军已经有十年了。
（2）表示原因，意思是“既然”。
Since you ask, I will tell 你既然问，我就告诉你。
7、so that
（1）表示目的，意思是“以便，为了”。
The student worked hard so that he might learn
这个学生努力学习，以便学到更多的知识。
（2）表示结果，意思是“因此，结果是”。例如:
I went to the lecture early so that I got a good
我很早就去听课，结果占到了一个好座位。
【微语】你要成为一个让每个人都乐意认识你的人，而不是让别人讨厌的人。
温馨提示：